摘要
目的:探讨不同运动方式、不同慢性病老年人群跌倒风险指数(FRI)的差异。方法:根据是否患有高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、肥胖,将329名60岁以上社区居住老年人分为正常组(102名)和慢性病组(227名),使用Sunlight Tetrax平衡诊断训练仪测试跌倒风险指数。调查了解慢性病人群的运动方式,对比分析不同性别、年龄、患病种类、运动方式老年慢性病人群跌倒风险指数的差异。结果:(1)老年人群处于中度跌倒风险,正常组与慢性病组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。老年男性慢性病人群FRI明显高于女性(P<0.05)。(2)老年慢性病人群FRI具有增龄性变化,不同年龄间比较,具有显著性差异(P<0.05),且男性跌倒风险高于女性(P<0.05)。(3)肥胖合并高血压、肥胖合并高血压合并糖尿病或高血脂老年人FRI明显高于正常、高血脂、高血压、高血压合并高血脂、高血压合并糖尿病、糖尿病合并高血脂老年人(P<0.05)。(4)跌倒风险指数与体质指数(r=0.193,P=0.004)、血压(r=0.203,P=0.002)呈正相关(P<0.05)。(5)进行规律太极拳、广场舞、骑自行车、打乒乓球、慢走锻炼的老年慢性病人群FRI低于不运动者(P<0.05),且太极拳锻炼者明显低于慢走人群(P<0.05)。结论:老年慢性病人群的跌倒风险具有增龄性变化,肥胖合并高血压增加老年人跌倒风险。规律的太极拳、广场舞、骑自行车、打乒乓球、慢走运动可降低老年慢性病患者的跌倒风险,且太极拳效果优于慢走。
Objective To explore the difference in the fall risk index(FRI) among the elderly with different exercise ways and chronic diseases. Methods Three hundred and twenty-nine community-dwelling elderly people aged 60 or older were assigned to a healthy group of 102 and a chronic-disease group of 227 according to their tested blood pressure,lipids,blood sugar and body mass index(BMI).FRI was tested using the Sunlight Tetrax balance diagnosis and training instrument. The exercise habits were investigated,its difference among the elderly of different gender,age,chronic disease types and exercise ways were compared using the SPSS22.0. Results The elderly were of a moderate risk level,and there were no significant differences between the healthy and chronic-disease group(P>0.05).However,the average FRI of the male was significantly higher than the female(P<0.05). For the chronic-disease group,the average FRI increased significantly with the increase of their age,with that of the male significantly higher than the female(P<0.05 for both). The FRI of obese patients combined with hypertension, or/and hypertension or/and diabetes or/and hyperlipidemia were significantly higher than the normal people,and patients with hyperlipidemia or/and hypertension or/and diabetes(P<0.05).The FRI was positively correlated with the BMI(r=0.193,P=0.004) and blood pressure(r=0.203,P=0.002)(P<0.05). The FRI of patients practicing the shadowboxing,square dance,cycling,table tennis and walking regularly was significantly lower than those not(P<0.05). Moreover,the FRI of those doing shadowboxing was significantly lower than those walking regularly(P<0.05). Conclusions The risk of falls is age-related among elderly chronic diseases patients. Obesity combined with hypertension increases the risk of falling. Regular shadowboxing exercise,square dance,cycling,table tennis playing and slow walking can reduce the fall risk,and the effect of playing the shadowboxing is superior to slow walking.
作者
常凤
石金毅
王露
黄琨
汪霄
曾祥英
Chang Feng;Shi Jinyi;Wang Lu;Huang Kun;Wang Xiao;Zeng Xiangying(Sports Institute,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China;School Hospital,Hubei University,Wuhan 430062,China)
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第6期441-448,共8页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
湖北省教育厅科学计划重点项目(D20131006)
湖北休闲体育发展研究中心2018年度开放基金课题(2018Z002)
