摘要
促进院校多样化是高等教育系统应对教育入口和出口两个市场的不断扩大,主动回应外界需求变化和环境压力的生存法则。国外政府广泛使用分类管理工具增进院校多样性,制度层面通过刚性政策工具,如法定性院校分类规程和使命陈述协定、政府统筹下的系统结构调整战略、院校分层调和制度等,直接促成院校分化;政策层面侧重系统发展规划、院校办学信息和资源导向等软性工具,引入市场竞争机制、环境压力促进院校办学要素整合和组织转型。国外经验对于我国高校分类管理实践的启示在于,应从"入口与出口""系统与院校个体""内部与外部"等多个层面把握高等教育需求,处理好新建院校与改造老院校的关系,适度引入市场机制完善院校分类制度和政策,进一步落实高校分类发展的自主权,实现院校自主分化发展。
Foreign governments widely use classification management tools to promote the diversity of HEIs,because of which is the survival rule for the higher education system to cope with the continuous expansion of educational markets, and to actively respond to changes in external demand and environmental pressure. Rigid institutional policy tools directly contributes to the division of colleges and universities, such as statutory classification rules and mission statement agreements, system structure adjustment strategies under the overall planning of the government, and hierarchical harmony institutions. Soft political tools, emphasizing on systematic development planning, school running information and resource orientation, introduce market competition mechanism and environmental pressure to advance HEIs’ function and organizational transformation. The enlightenment of foreign experience to the practice of classified management of Chinese universities lies in fully grasping the needs of higher education, handling the relationship between newly-built universities and traditional ones, introducing market mechanism appropriately to improve the system and policies of HEIs classification,further implementing universities’ autonomy of classified development to realize the independent development of HEIs.
作者
雷家彬
LEI Jiabin(Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430205)
出处
《中国高教研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第7期47-55,共9页
China Higher Education Research
基金
国家社会科学基金教育学2018年度国家一般课题“‘双一流’建设背景下高校分类管理政策与制度创新研究”(BIA180180)的研究成果
关键词
高校分类
分类管理
分类制度
分类政策
高校多样化
classification of HEIs
classified management on HEIs
classification system of HEIs
classification policy of HEIs
diversification of HEIs
