摘要
城市轨道交通首班车的合理调配对于降低运营成本,提高服务质量具有重要意义。为减小城市轨道交通沿线各站首班车发车时刻差距,研究了多车场、多车型的城市轨道交通首班车车底调配及路径优化方法,以确定所需车底的出发车场及走行路径。将城市轨道交通运营线路抽象为有向网络图,构建了城市轨道交通首班车车底调配及路径优化的0-1整数规划模型。模型以车底总空驶距离最小为目标,考虑了车场检修存车能力、折返站折返能力及线路通过能力约束和供需平衡等约束,并利用ILOG CPLEX软件精确求解。不同于传统空车调配模型,该模型可同时获得车底调配方案及车底走行路径。以某城市的轨道交通线路为例,验证了该方法的可行性与有效性。算例结果表明,与人工编制的方案相比,构建的模型所生成的车底调配及路径方案使车底总空驶距离减少了28.691km,距离缩短率达到6.1%。此外,通过分析车场及折返站能力占用发现,车场的出车能力是车底调配的能力瓶颈,而折返能力和车场检修存车能力几乎不影响车底出场路径。
Reasonable distribution of the first train of urban rail transit is significant for reducing operation costs and improving service quality.In order to reduce disparities of departure time between the first trains of different stations along a line of urban rail transit,an optimization of rolling stock distribution and route problem for the first train with multiple depots and multi-type rolling stocks is studied to determine origin depots and corresponding deadhead routes for rolling stocks.Operation lines of urban rail transit are abstracted into a directed graph,and a 0-1 integer programming model is developed.The model takes the minimum total deadhead distance of rolling stocks as target,considering constraints of depot maintenance and storage capacity,reentry ability of the switchback station,line capacity,and supply-demand balance.It is accurately solved by ILOG CPLEX software.Compared with traditional distribution models,the model can simultaneously obtain both matching scheme and travel path of rolling stocks.Taking a line of urban rail transit in a city as a case study,feasibility and effectiveness of the model are verified.The results show that compared with manual scheme,the model can reduce total deadhead distance of rolling stocks by 28.691 km,its reduction rate is up to 6.1%.In addition,by analyzing occupancy of depot and reentry stations,it shows that departure ability is a bottleneck.Turn-back capacity and depot capacity nearly have no effects on routes of rolling stocks.
作者
郑丽杰
何世伟
郭小乐
ZHENG Lijie;HE Shiwei;GUO Xiaole(Key Laboratory of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport of Ministry of Transport,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)
出处
《交通信息与安全》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期118-127,共10页
Journal of Transport Information and Safety
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB1201402)
国家自然科学基金项目(U1734204)
中车重点项目(CIJS18-KJ004)资助
关键词
城市轨道交通
首班车
车底调配
路径优化
0-1整数线性规划
urban rail transit
the first train
distribution of rolling stock
route optimization
0-1 integer linear programming
