摘要
自2019年初首先在云南省发现草地贪夜蛾入侵中国以来,该虫已对国家粮食安全构成严重威胁。草地贪夜蛾寄主范围广,主要喜食禾本科植物,同时也能为害多种双子叶植物。本研究以玉米和烟草为测试对象,比较研究了草地贪夜蛾在两种寄主上的产卵量及两种寄主植物对草地贪夜蛾生长发育的影响。结果表明,每个养虫笼中放入2对雌雄成虫,玉米植株上的卵块数量(17±2.65)块/笼显著多于烟草叶片上的卵块数量(3±1.73)块/笼,玉米上的幼虫数量(834.67±275.16)头/笼显著多于烟草上的幼虫数量(92±55.83)头/笼,表明草地贪夜蛾更喜欢选择玉米进行产卵和取食。烟草上草地贪夜蛾幼虫死亡率达92.53%±1.46%,但其能在烟草上产卵和存活。取食玉米籽粒的草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育历期、死亡率、体重、蛹重分别为(17.22±1.90)d、24.35%±8.13%、(0.261±0.112)g/头、(0.187±0.030)g/头,取食烟草叶片的草地贪夜蛾对应的参数分别为(26.80±1.89)d、85.49%±4.16%、(0.034±0.028)g/头、(0.131±0.028)g/头,表明取食烟草叶片的草地贪夜蛾幼虫发育历期显著延长,幼虫死亡率显著升高,幼虫体重和蛹重显著下降。与取食玉米籽粒的草地贪夜蛾相比,取食烟草叶片的个体适合度显著降低,但成虫配对后能够产卵并孵化出幼虫。与非嗜好寄主烟草相比,草地贪夜蛾取食嗜好寄主玉米表现出更高的适合度,其偏好选择玉米进行产卵和取食,但在烟草上也能完成生活史,种群密度大时存在为害烟草的潜在风险。
Since the invasion of the fall armyworm(Spodoptera frugiperda)was first reported in Yunnan province,China in early 2019,it has brought serious threat to food security.Fall armyworm has a broad host range including monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and especially prefers to feed on plants from the family Poaceae.Herein,we use maize and tobacco to investigate the host preference and the effect of the two plants on the development of S.frugiperda.Our results indicated that there were more egg masses and larvae on maize(17±2.65 and 834.67±275.16)than that on tobacco(3±1.73 and 92±55.83).Although most larvae on tobacco died(92.53%±1.46%),there were eggs and survival larvae.By feeding on maize kernel,the larval period,mortality,individual body weight and pupal body weight were(17.22±1.90)days,24.35%±8.13%,(0.261±0.112)g and(0.187±0.030)g,respectively.However,by feeding on tobacco leaves,the above parameters were(26.80±1.89)days,85.49%±4.16%,(0.034±0.028)g and(0.131±0.028)g,respectively.These results indicated that compared with feeding on maize kernel,individuals of S.frugiperda feeding on tobacco leaves showed lower fitness with higher larval mortality,and lower larval growth rate,body weight of larvae and pupae.These results showed that the fall armyworm preferred to feed on maize,however,could finish the life cycle on tobacco,suggesting a potential threat to tobacco when it is in high population density.
作者
徐蓬军
张丹丹
王杰
吴孔明
王新伟
王秀芳
任广伟
XU Pengjun;ZHANG Dandan;WANG Jie;WU Kongming;WANG Xinwei;WANG Xiufang;REN Guangwei(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute ofPlant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期61-64,90,共5页
Plant Protection
基金
中国烟草总公司烟草绿色防控重大专项[110201601022(LS-02)
110201601023(LS-03)]
关键词
草地贪夜蛾
烟草
玉米
生长发育
寄主选择
Spodoptera frugiperda
tobacco
maize
development
host preference
