摘要
为了解决动车车轴表面微小划痕的种类多、定量准确测量困难等难题,提出了一种基于线激光和CCD组合测量的解决方案。首先将线激光投在金属划痕表面上,利用高精度的CCD相机采集划痕与线激光的图像,然后对激光线使用Smoothing Spline函数进行平滑样条拟合,并进行一次分段线性插值,最后将金属表面划痕转化为高低落差图,得到划痕的高度与宽度。该方法主要是寻找划痕的几何中心,用线条来替代划痕,以此来分析计算划痕的宽度和深度特征参数。实验结果对划痕检测的宽度误差小于0.05mm,深度误差小于0.1mm,证明该方法能够有效地识别金属表面划痕,且在准确性和分割效率方面有明显的优势,并能满足动车车轴表面划痕的实际测量要求。
Aimed at highlighting the variety,quantitative of tiny scratches on the metal surface is difficult for the accurate detection problem,a solution based on linear laser and(CCD)combined measurement is presented.Firstly,the line laser was applied to the metal scratch surface;secondly,the high-precision CCD camera was used to collect the image of the scratch and the line laser;then,the Smoothing Spline function was used to fit the smooth Spline;and then a piecewise linear interpolation was carried out.Finally the scratches on metal surface were transformed in to low-high difference graph to obtain the width and height of scratches.This method was mainly to find the geometric center of the scratch and to replace the scratch with lines,so as to analyze and calculate the width and depth characteristic parameters of the scratch.The experimental results have a width error of less than 0.05 mm and a depth error of less than 0.1 mm for the scratch detection,proving that this method can effectively identify metal surface scratches,and has obvious advantages in accuracy and segmentation efficiency,and can meet the actual measurement requirements of the scratches on the surface of the axle of CRH.
作者
高金刚
张爽
陈儒
王华
刘孝峰
GAO Jingang;ZHANG Shuang;CHEN Ru;WANG Hua;LIU Xiaofeng(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Changchun Institute of Technology,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changchun University of Technology,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;Ministry of Industrial Planning and Development,CRRC Changchun RailWay Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)
出处
《机床与液压》
北大核心
2019年第13期34-40,共7页
Machine Tool & Hydraulics
基金
吉林省科技厅高新重点科技研发项目(20180201009GX
20170204012GX)
吉林省发改委产业专项(2015y74)
关键词
线激光
划痕
拟合
平滑样条
分段线性插值
Line laser
Scratch
Fitting
Smooth spline
Piecewise linear interpolation
