摘要
面对李斯究竟是一个屈死的忠臣还是个一葬送秦帝国的罪人的难题,司马迁做了一番彻底的“察其本”的工作,把笔锋紧紧指向了李斯的心灵。仓鼠厕鼠之叹,透视他的人生观;学成辞师之辞,展示他的处世哲学;功成名就处于巅峰时表露其患得患失心态。此外,更就两个关键时刻,解剖他的心理过程,其一,在秦始皇沙丘驾崩后他是怎样一步步被赵高拉下水,参与赵高政变阴谋的;其二,在胡亥上台,倒行逆施达于顶点,终于激起农民大起义风暴之时,他是如何一改原想谏诤的初衷,而上了一篇教胡亥恣行暴戾的《论督责书》的。这篇解剖心灵作品的价值,在于它为世人提供了一个足为万世戒的反面典型,树起了一面永久的心境。
Faced with the question whether Li Si was a loyal minister who succumbed to death or a sinner who ruined Qin Empire,SimaQian did a thorough investigating work and focused on Li Si’s mind.Sigh of hamster and latrine rat unfolds his outlook on life;a record of completion of study and farewell to master reveals his philosophy of life;at the peak of his success and fame,he was swayed by consideration of gain and loss.In addition,his psychological process during two critical moments was dissected.Firstly,after the death of Qinshihuang in ShaQiu,how he was dragged into the mire and participated in Zhao Gao’s coup plot.When Hu Hai came to power,his retrograde action reached its peak and finally provoked the storm of peasant uprising,how Li Si changed his original intention of admonishing and submitted article Responsibility Document of A Governor on Hu Hai’satrocities.The value of the work of dissecting the mind lies in that it provides the world with a negative example and sets up a permanent mirror.
作者
可永雪
KE Yongxue(Liberal Arts College,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010022)
出处
《内蒙古师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2019年第4期66-71,94,共7页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
《李斯列传》
写人史上第一篇解剖心灵的作品
为世人提供了一个足为万世戒的反面典型
Records of the Historian Biography of Li Si
the first work dissects mind in the history of recording people
provide the world with a negative example
