摘要
中华人民共和国成立70年来,中国的国家发展及其间国际格局和国际体系的变迁,促使中国的国家身份发生了3次演变:1949年到改革开放以前是游离于西方主导的国际社会之外的革命型国家;20世纪70年代末到2012年是逐渐回归国际社会的融入者;2013年以来,中国开始在国际制度体系中发挥“引领者”的作用。基于国家身份的分析为观察中国维和外交提供了一个独特的视角。中国在不同时期不同的国家身份对应的是不同的国家利益,以及不同的维和外交行为。当前,已经成为“引领者”的中国对联合国维和行动的贡献超越了政治和物质层面,开始成为一名规范供应者。一些国内和国际因素制约了中国有效地在维和事务中发挥“引领”作用,是当前和今后一个时期中国的维和外交需要认真应对的挑战。中国需要对自身的能力、利益诉求和国际形势有正确的判断,在发挥引领作用时科学决策、量力而行,避免行为冒进和资源浪费。
China's rapid development along with the significant changes in international pattern and in international system over the past 70 years have resulted in changes of China's national identity:from a revolutionist/semi-revolutionist isolated from the West-dominated international community before the adoption of the Reform and Opening up policy at the end of 1970s,to an integrated member of the international community during the period from 1980 to 2012,and a leader since 2013.Identity provides a special perspective for observing China's policy on UN peacekeeping since China's different national identities in different historic period of times define different national interests in UN peacekeeping,which subsequently lead to different patterns of peacekeeping behaviors.As a leader,China is no longer satisfied with being an unswerving political supporter as well as a top peacekeeping personnel and budget contributor;it is also a norm contributor.Some domestic and international challenges can restrict China from effectively playing the role of trendsetter in peacekeeping affairs.Measures should be taken to address these challenges.China's leadership should be based on its capabilities,national interests and international situation,and supported by sound decision-making so as to avoid premature advance and waste of resources.
出处
《西亚非洲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第4期24-49,共26页
West Asia and Africa
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“中国参与联合国维和行动战略选择研究”(16ZDA094)的阶段性研究成果
