摘要
叶片是植物应对环境变化较为敏感的器官,叶解剖结构在一定程度上也体现出了树木对特殊生境的适应能力.为阐明植物对干旱生境的适应特征,对鲁东丘陵石灰岩山地同质生境内11个树种叶片以及叶脉的解剖结构进行分析.结果显示,各树种均为异面型叶,该类型叶片在解剖结构上具有显著的栅栏组织和海绵组织区分.叶表皮厚度在不同树种之间无明显差异,但上表皮普遍较下表皮厚(上表皮平均厚度为34.66μm,下表皮平均厚度为17.87μm).分别按乔、灌、藤3种生活型进行统计,发现叶片上下表皮厚度在生活型之间差异并不显著.各树种叶片均具有较发达的栅栏组织,而海绵组织排列较为稀疏.栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度平均比值为2.42.在叶脉解剖结构中,各树种1级叶脉木质部厚度与韧皮部比值在1.43-5.30之间,且在树种间有显著差异,但该比值在乔、灌和藤3种生活型之间的差异不显著.叶脉解剖性状与叶片解剖性状存在显著相关(P <0.01).栅栏组织厚度与海绵组织厚度比值、叶脉木质部厚度在一定程度上表征了树种对干旱生境的适应能力.本研究从叶解剖特性方面阐明了叶片对干旱生境的适应特征,可为未来干旱瘠薄山地植被修复树种选择提供参考.
Leaves serve as important and sensitive organs to environment changes. Leaf anatomical traits reflect the adaptation of trees to some special environments. Eleven co-existing tree species from the common environment of the limestone mountain area in eastern Shandong Province were selected. The seven anatomical traits of leaves and leaf veins were examined and recorded, including the upper epidermis thickness, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness, lower epidermis thickness, main vascular diameter, xylem thickness, and phloem thickness. The results showed that the leaves of the 11 tree species were heterofacial and the differentiation of palisade cells and spongy tissues was obvious in the leaf cross section.The leaf epidermis thickness did not show significant differences among tree species;however, the upper epidermis thickness was generally larger than the lower epidermis thickness. The average thickness of the upper epidermis of the 11 species was34.66 μm and the average thickness of the lower epidermis was 17.87 μm. The average thickness of leaf epidermis did not show obvious differences among arbor, shrubs, or vines. The obvious palisade tissues in all 11 tree species, although spongy tissues were arranged sparsely, could be considered an important index for the tolerance assessment of tree species to the arid environment. The average ratio of palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness of the 11 species was 2.42. Regarding the leaf vein anatomy, the ratios of xylem and phloem thickness in leaf veins were 1.43–5.30, showing significant differences among the 11 tree species. However, the ratios in three life type, arbor, shrub, and vine, did not differ. There were significant correlations among leaf vein diameter, xylem thickness, and phloem thickness in the vein(P< 0.01). To a certain extent, the ratios of palisade tissues and spongy tissue thickness, the xylem thickness in leaf vein might serve as important indices for the tolerance assessment of tree species to the arid environmen
作者
陈旭
刘洪凯
王强
邹红阳
朱启良
王延平
CHEN Xu;LIU Hongkai;WANG Qiang;ZOU Hongyang;ZHU Qiliang;WANG Yanping(Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration L aboratory of Shandong Province, Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China;Shandong Forestry Foreign Investment and Project Management Office, Jinan 250014, China;Forest Bureau of Weihai City, Weihai 264200, China)
出处
《应用与环境生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期655-664,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology
基金
欧洲投资银行贷款山东沿海防护林建设项目(SCSFP-KY-2)资助~~
关键词
同质生境
干旱山地
叶片解剖结构
树种选择
homogeneous habitat
arid mountain area
leaf anatomical trait
tree species selection
