摘要
为了提高膨胀阻燃环氧体系的阻燃和抑烟效率,利用聚磷酸铵-季戊四醇-三聚氰胺为膨胀阻燃剂、有机蒙脱土(OMMT)和MoO3为复配协效剂制备了膨胀阻燃环氧树脂,通过极限氧指数(LOI)、UL94、锥形量热仪和烟密度试验研究了膨胀阻燃环氧树脂的阻燃和抑烟性能。结果表明,单独添加OMMT或MoO3均能有效提高膨胀阻燃环氧树脂的LOI并降低燃烧过程中的热释放和生烟量,将二者复配使用还表现出较好的协效作用。添加质量分数1.5%OMMT和1.5%MoO3时,膨胀阻燃氧树脂的LOI达到27.8%,UL94达到V-0级,总释放热(THR)和总产烟量(TSR)相比未添加协效剂的膨胀阻燃环氧树脂分别下降了49.5%和57.8%。热重分析表明,单独添加OMMT或MoO3均能有效提高膨胀阻燃EP的热稳定性和成炭率,二者复配使用则表现出更高的初始分解温度并形成更多的残炭量。扫描电镜和红外光谱分析发现,OMMT和MoO3复配使用能促进膨胀阻燃氧树脂在燃烧过程中形成更多的交联结构以增强炭层的致密性和隔热性能,达到协效阻燃和抑烟作用。
The given paper intends to report its experience on preparing a series of flame-retarded epoxy resins( EPs) by way of physical blending of molybdenum trioxide( MoO3),organic modified montmorillonite( OMMT),ammonium polyphosphate( APP)-pentaerythritol( PER)-melamine( MEL) and EPs in hoping to improve the flame-retardant and smoke suppression efficiencies of the intumescent flame-retarded epoxy resins( EPs).From the said testing experience,we have investigated the combined effects of OMMT and MoO3 on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of the intumescent flame-retarded EPs through tests of the limited oxygen index( LOI),UL94,cone calorimeter and smoke density. The results of our experiments prove that adding OMMT or MoO3 can effectively increase the LOI performance and reduce the heat release and smoke production of the intumescent flame-retarded EPs. In addition,the combination of OMMT and MoO3 also exhibits higher synergistic flame-retardant and smoke suppression efficiency than that either of OMMT or of MoO3 alone. For instance,if 1. 5% of OMMT and 1. 5% of MoO3 were added to the intumescent flame-retarded EPs,the sample under test can help to increase the UL94 V-0 rate and the LOI value by 27. 8%. And,as compared to the flame-retarded EPs without synergists,the total heat and smoke releasing rates of the flame-retarded EPs can be found reduced by49. 5% and 57. 8% by using 1. 5% of OMMT and 1. 5% of MoO3. Furthermore,the thermo-gravimetric analysis also shows that adding either OMMT or MoO3 to the experiment can help to improve the high-temperature stability and char-forming capability of the flame-retardant EPs,too. Besides,the addition of mixture of OMMT and MoO3 to the same sample also leads to higher onset decomposition temperature and residual weight than those of adding OMMT or MoO3 alone. What is more,the electronic microscopy scanning( SEM) and Fourier transform infrared( FTIR) analysis also demonstrate that it has been made possible for the combination of OMMT and MoO3 to promote more
作者
徐志胜
贾宏煜
颜龙
周寰
XU Zhi-sheng;JIA Hong-yu;YAN Long;ZHOU Huan(Institute of Disaster Prevention Science and Safety Technology,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期847-853,共7页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51676210)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M612587)
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2018JJ3668)
关键词
安全工程
环氧树脂
膨胀阻燃剂
三氧化钼
有机蒙脱土
燃烧性能
safety engineering
epoxy resin
intumescent flame retardant
molybdenum trioxide
organic montmo-rillonite
flammability
