摘要
牵引电机冷却风扇是高速列车安全运行不可缺少的部件。由于列车方向交替运行,冷却风扇设计为正反转,要求冷却风扇正反转时具有相似的性能。因此,冷风风扇采用直叶片和对称壳体结构,其气动性能相对较差,与常规风扇相比,气动噪声相对较高。为了研究特殊电机冷却风扇的气动特性和气动噪声,在不同转速下对模型进行了三维数值模拟。采用声类比方法对离心冷却风扇噪声进行了分析,并在半消声室对牵引电机冷却风扇的运行噪声进行了测试。结果表明:在不同转速下,风扇出口处的流动特性相似,并给出了风扇出口的速度分布;随着转速的增大,总声压级呈线性增大。研究结果可以更好地理解气动噪声机理,改进离心式冷却风扇的结构,以降低空气动力噪声。
The coaxial cooling fan of the traction motor is the necessary component for the safe operation of highspeed train. Due to the alternately moving direction of the train, the traction motor is designed at both positive rotation and reverse rotation.With the requirement of similar performance of the centrifugal cooling fan, symmetrical case and straight blade structure is designed for the product. Therefore, the aerodynamic characteristics of the cooling fan are relatively not good, which results in relatively high aerodynamic noise as compared to the conventional fans. In order to study the aerodynamic characteristics and aerodynamic noise, the model of a special motor fan was established. 3D numerical simulation of the model was carried out at different rotating speeds. The acoustic analogy method is used to analyze the noise of the centrifugal cooling fan, and the validity of the method is verified. In addition, the operating noise of the cooling fan in the traction motor was tested in the semi-anechoic room. The results show that: corresponding to the different rotating speeds, the flow characteristics at the motor outlet is similar;with the increment of the rotating speed, total sound pressure level is increasing linearly. The simulation results provide the velocity distribution in the fan and find the maximum noise sources strength. From the testing results, the noise problem can be understood better and the structure of the centrifugal cooling fan can be improved to reduce the aerodynamic noise, especially at high rotating speed conditions.
作者
屈晓云
田杰
王彤
Xiao-yun Qu;Jie Tian;Tong Wang
出处
《风机技术》
2019年第3期53-62,I0007,共11页
Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery
基金
Project of Ministry of Education(B1420110136)
