摘要
为了解水肥气耦合滴灌下不同水肥气调控措施对土壤N2O排放的影响,该研究设置施氮量(低氮和常氮)、掺气量(不掺气和循环曝气处理)和灌水量(低湿度和高湿度处理)3因素2水平完全随机试验,通过静态箱-气相色谱法、q PCR技术和结构方程模型,系统研究了不同水肥气组合方案下温室番茄地土壤N2O排放特征及其与相关影响因素之间的关系。结果表明,水肥气耦合滴灌下N2O排放峰值出现在施氮后2 d内,其余时期N2O排放通量较低且变幅较小。施氮量、掺气量和灌水量的增加可增加土壤N2O排放通量和排放总量。其中,高湿度条件下N2O排放总量较低湿度平均增加了30.14%,曝气条件下N2O排放总量较对照平均增加了35.16%,常氮条件下N2O排放总量较低氮平均增加了33.83%。施氮量、掺气量和灌水量的增加可提高温室番茄的产量和氮肥偏生产力。土壤NH4+-N和NO3--N含量对N2O排放的总效应为0.60和0.79,是影响水肥气耦合滴灌下土壤N2O排放的主导因子。综合考虑作物产量、N2O排放总量和氮肥偏生产力,常氮曝气低湿度处理是适宜的水肥气耦合滴灌方案。
Water-fertilizer-air coupling drip irrigation is a new type of drip irrigation technology,which covers both the advantages of drip fertilization and aerated irrigation.Water-fertilizer-air coupling drip irrigation can effectively improve the root zone hypoxia stress caused by irrigation,harmonize the water and fertilizer conditions needed for crop production,and unlock the gate of high yield potential of crops.We focus on the effects of different combinations of water,fertilizer and air application on soil nitrous oxide(N2O)emission,and thus to provide scientific supports for N2O emission reduction from greenhouse vegetable filed soil and the increase of crop yield as well as nitrogen use efficiency.A total of 3 factors,2 levels of completely randomized experiment were set up with the three factors and two levels as nitrogen application rate(low and normal nitrogen),aeration rate(non-aeration and continuous aeration)and irrigation amount(low and high soil moisture,82.37 and 123.71 mm),respectively.Through the coupled use of static box gas chromatography,qPCR technology and structural equation model,the relationship between N2O emission from tomato filed soil and its related physical and chemical factors were studied systematically.Results show that water-fertilizer-air coupling irrigation changes soil moisture and soil aeration,and also influences soil N2O emissions.Under low soil moisture treatments,the average ODR(oxygen diffusion rate)of continuously aerated irrigation increases by 7.70%compared with the non-aerated irrigation.While in the high moisture treatments,the average ODR of continuously aerated irrigation increases by 29.23%compared with the non-aerated irrigation treatments.Compared to the low level of irrigation treatment without aeration,the average WFPS(water filled pore space)of the high level of irrigation treatment increases by 12.63%;While under the aeration condition,the average WFPS value of the high level of irrigation treatments increases by 6.12%compared with the low irrigation treatment.
作者
雷宏军
杨宏光
刘欢
潘红卫
刘鑫
臧明
Lei Hongjun;Yang Honguang;Liu Huan;Pan Hongwei;Liu Xin;Zang Ming(School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Conservancy and Electric Power,Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Resources Efficient Utilization and Protection Engineering,Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期95-104,共10页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(U1504512,51779093,51709110)
河南省科技创新人才项目(174100510021)
中原科技创新领军人才项目(194200510008)
关键词
肥料
灌溉
排放控制
N2O排放
影响因素
结构方程模型
fertilizer
irrigation
emission control
N2O emission
influencing factors
structural equation model
