摘要
美国公益诉讼缘起于行政扩张的社会背景,历经了司法能动兴起、诉讼与政治相结合以及私人检察总长理论流行等演变轨迹。其间,它黏合了趋近断裂的“元宪法”逻辑,宪法权利秩序复归平衡,并推动了宪法价值的再演进,显然具有重要的现实意义。不过,美国公益诉讼是在法院系统的单方努力下横空出世的,创设之初即具有浓厚的权宜性色彩,在发展的进程中不可避免地出现了无序化的倾向,它自始无法被嵌入宪法体制的整体结构中,最终无可奈何地陷入了宪制困局。鉴于美国的正面经验与反面教训,我国公益诉讼不宜大幅开放公民诉讼资格,应认真对待法律监督以回归原本清晰的法理逻辑,并藉由抽象行政行为的司法审查推动宪法实施。
American public interest litigation has originated under the background of administrative expansion.It has experienced a series of evolution from rising of judicial activism,combination with politics to emergence of private attorney general.American public interest litigation has several realistic meanings,such as binding of metaconstitution logic,balance of constitutional right system,and promotion of constitutional value.However,American public interest litigation which has expedient characteristic in the first place is constructed by judicial system alone,so it cannot be?built into?structure of constitution.Finally,American public interest litigation gets into constitutional deadlock.With regard to the lessons drawn from America,we shall not confer standing to citizen liberally,but rather ought to take legal supervision serious and lay stress on implementation of constitution.
作者
梁鸿飞
LIANG Hong-fei(Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)
出处
《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第4期70-81,共12页
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
关键词
公益诉讼
行政扩张
私人检察总长
诉讼资格
法律监督
public interest litigation
administrative expansion
private attorney general
standing
legal supervision
