摘要
儿童基本动作技能与体能对其身体活动水平和健康促进有重要意义。随机抽取山东省济南市和莱芜市各两所幼儿园的498名3~5岁幼儿为研究对象,使用大肌肉动作发展测试第二版(TGMD-2)和国民体质测定标准手册(幼儿部分)对幼儿的基本动作技能及10m折返跑、立定跳远和网球掷远等体能指标进行测试,以探讨两者的关系。研究发现:1)男童的体能和操控技能优于女童,但女童的位移技能要优于男童;2)3~5岁幼儿的基本动作技能与其体能水平存在中低程度相关;3)在基本动作技能可以预测其体能水平方面,对立定跳远(14.3%)和10m折返跑的解释率(11%)要高于对网球掷远的解释率(5.4%)。研究发现,可通过发展幼儿的基本动作技能来提升其体能水平。建议后续研究应扩展儿童年龄范围,探讨不同年龄段儿童的基本动作技能对体能的影响。
Fundamental movement skills (FMS) and physical fitness (PF) in children and adolescents contribute to the level of physical activity (PA) and health. By employing the Test of Gross Motor Development -2rd edition (TGMD-2) and National Physical Fitness Test for preschool children, a total of 498 children, aged 3 to 5 years old, from 4 kindergartens in Jinan and Laiwu were performed with FMS and PF tests including 10-meter shuttle run, standing long jump, throwing tennis. The findings of this study were that 1) Boy’s PF and object control skills (OCS) were better than girls while the locomotor skills (LS) were lower than girls;2) There were significantly low-to-moderate relations between FMS and PF in tested children;3) The children’s FMS significantly predicted the PF. The LS and OCS explained more adjusted variance of standing long jump (14.3% of the adjusted variance) and 10-meter shuttle run (11% of the adjusted variance) than throwing tennis (5.4% of the adjusted variance). The children’s PF level could be improved by promoting the development of FMS. The future research should focus on the relationship between FMS and PF in different ages.
作者
李静
刁玉翠
孙梦梦
潘文娟
LI Jing;DIAO Yucui;SUN Mengmeng;PAN Wenjuan(Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第6期52-58,共7页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(16CTYJ04)
关键词
幼儿
基本动作技能
体能
位移技能
操控技能
preschool children
fundamental movement skills
physical fitness
locomotor skills
object control skills
