摘要
通过比较32名被试在商场(陌生品牌楼层、熟悉品牌楼层)和办公楼三种大尺度真实空间环境中完成多种空间任务差异,发现不论是在商场还是办公楼,女性在路径重走任务上表现比男性好,男性在路径距离估计任务上表现比女性好,而目标物体方位判断和直线距离估计任务上男女没有差异,但是女性的离线纵览表征测试和自评方向感问卷得分仍然比男性差。这些结果说明,在研究大尺度空间能力性别差异时,需要采用更具有生态效度的测量方法,并综合考虑环境特征和空间任务等因素的影响。
Thirty-two university students(half male and half female)participated in this study.The performances of multiple spatial tasks were recorded in three real environments(shopping mall with-unfamiliar brands floor,shopping mall with-familiar brands floor,and an office-building floor).The results showed that,in the online testing,females re-walked the routes with less spatial errors and reacting hesitations than males.They performed almost the same as males in judging target objects’directions and estimating straight-line distances,but relatively poorer than males in route distance estimation.In the offline testing,females performed worse than males in Judgment of Relative Directions(JRDs).Males scored higher than females in SBSOD questionnaire.In conclusion,these results suggest that more ecological tasks are needed when exploring gender differences in large-scale spatial abilities.The variables of environmental characteristics and spatial tasks should also be taken into consideration.
作者
赵梦雅
肖承丽
ZHAO Mengya;XIAO Chengli(Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology,Nanjing 210044;Nanjing University,Nanjing 210046)
出处
《心理研究》
2019年第3期262-271,共10页
Psychological Research
基金
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“中国语言文化下的人—服务机器人空间语言交互研究”(2018SJZDA020)
关键词
性别差异
空间能力
纵览表征
路径表征
方向感
gender difference
spatial ability
survey representation
route representation
sense of direction
