摘要
通过防雨棚控水栽培池微区试验,探究不同秸秆还田方式和水分条件对土壤碳水环境及玉米产量的影响。试验设置两种秸秆还田方式:秸秆地面覆盖起微垄(沟垄高12~15cm,垄作,R)和秸秆粉碎掺混土壤后平作(平作,F);3种花后水分灌溉处理:田间持水量的75%~80%(水分充足,CK),65%~70%(轻度干旱,SD),55%~60%(干旱,D),探究它们对土壤有机碳和土壤含水量及玉米产量的影响及其交互作用。结果表明:在水分充足条件下平作还田方式更有利于秸秆保水作用,促进有机碳的积累和产量形成,开花期FCK分别比FSD、FD增加土壤有机碳含量19.74%、34.81%;在干旱条件下垄作较平作秸秆还田处理更有利于土壤含水量的保持,开花期、灌浆期和收获期RD土壤含水量较FD分别高10.48%、13.13%、8.21%。充足灌溉能够显著提高30cm土层有机碳含量和土壤含水量,有利于产量的提高。可见,在干旱条件下,秸秆还田与微垄相结合有利于提高土壤碳含量,提高土壤含水量,并显著增产。
This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of different straw returning methods and post-flowering irrigation amount on soil carbon and water environment and maize yield in rain shelter cultivation ponds.The experiment consisted of two modes of straw returning:the 12~15-cm height micro ridge with straw buried(ridge,R)and wheat straw crushed and mixed into soil(flat F),and three soil water treatments:75%~80%of field water holding capacity(water sufficient,CK),65%~70%of that(mild drought,SD)and 55%~60%of that(drought,D).The effects of the two factors and their interactions were explored on soil organic carbon and water contents and maize yield.The results showed that under the condition of sufficient water,the method of straw returning to the field is more conducive to the water retention,promoting the accumulation of organic carbon and the formation of yield.At flowering stage,the FCK treatment increased the organic carbon content of soil by 19.74%and 34.81%,respectively,compared with FSD and FD.Under drought condition,the ridge treatment was more conducive to the maintenance of soil water content.The water content of RD at the flowering,filling and harvest stages was 10.48%,13.13%and 8.21%higher than that of FD.In addition,under the well-watered irrigation conditions,the soil water content could be increased,which was more conducive to increasing yield.It could be seen that the combination of straw returing and micro-ridge was beneficial to improve soil carbon content under drought conditions,increase soil moisture content and significantly increase yield.
作者
高天平
张春
刘文涛
安振
宁堂原
Gao Tianping;Zhang Chun;Liu Wentao;An Zhen;Ning Tangyuan(College of Agronomy,Shandong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology andDrought-Tolerant Germplasm Improvement,Ministry of Agriculture,Taian 271018,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2019年第6期108-112,共5页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503121-05)
山东省2017年度农业重大应用技术创新项目
关键词
秸秆还田方式
灌溉量
土壤有机碳
土壤含水量
玉米产量
Straw returning method
Amount of irrigation
Soil organic carbon
Soil water content
Maize yield
