摘要
目的研究城市热岛效应对环境气温的影响。方法选用辽宁中西部地区中小城市及农村(CK)基准气候站1960—2015年的气温资料,采用数理统计学对照分析方法,对中小城市中气温年际变化特征及其城市热岛增温进行量化研究。结果城市气温在20世纪80年代后期存在明显的气候“突变”特征,气温的“突变”主要来自于城市化热岛的影响。对照农村气温变化,城市热岛使年平均气温增高0.65℃,城市热岛效应为147.7%。城市热岛使春、夏、秋、冬四季平均气温分别增高0.41、0.41、0.72、0.80℃,四季城市热岛效应分别为59.4%、256.3%、450.0%和106.7%。在年变化中,城市热岛效应增温最大值在1月份,9月至翌年3月对热岛增温贡献最大。结论气象监测站居于城市内,所测试的气温资料受城市热岛现象的影响,掩盖了自然气候变化的实际情况,造成气温监测结果偏高,致使农业及农业科研、土木建筑、桥涵建设在温度指标运用上受到影响。
Objective To study the influence of urban heat island effect on the ambient temperature.Methods Temperature data from 1960 to 2015 from the small and medium-sized cities and rural(CK)reference climate stations in central and western Liaoning was used to have quantitative study on the interannual variation characteristics of temperature in small and medium-sized cities and its urban heat island warming effect with the statistical comparative analysis method.Results In the late 1980s,the urban air temperature had obvious"abrupt changes"in climate,and the"abrupt changes"in air temperature mainly came from the influence of urbanization heat island.Compared with the rural temperature change,the urban heat island increased the annual average temperature by 0.65℃,and the urban heat island effect was 147.7%.Urban heat island increased the average temperature in spring,summer,autumn and winter by 0.41,0.41,0.72 and 0.80℃respectively.The urban heat is land effect in four seasons was 59.4%,256.3%,450.0%and 106.7%respectively.In the annual change,the maximum warming value of urban heat island effect was in January,and the contribution to heat island warming was the greatest from September to March of the following year.Conclusion The meteorological monitoring stations are located in cities.The temperature data tested are affected by the urban heat island phenomenon,which masks the actual situation of natural climate change,resulting in high temperature detection results,thus affecting the application of temperature indicators in agriculture and agricultural scientific research,civil construction and bridge and culvert construction.
作者
马林
孙艳云
张钰祺
王帅
于文博
王若男
韩冰
刘振宏
李东宇
MA Lin;SUN Yan-yun;ZHANG Yu-qi;WANG Shuai;YU Wen-bo;WANG Ruo-nan;HAN Bing;LIU Zhen-hong;LI Dong-yu(Liaoning Meteorological Equipment Support Center,Shenyang 110116,China;Liaoning Meteorological Service Center,Shenyang 110116,China;Liaoning Meteorological Information Center,Shenyang 110116,China;Dalian Meteorological Bureau,Dalian 116011,China)
出处
《装备环境工程》
CAS
2019年第6期78-84,共7页
Equipment Environmental Engineering
基金
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201206024)
中国气象局关键技术集成与应用项目(CMGJ2013M11)
关键词
热岛效应
增温
气温
heat island effect
warming
temperature
