摘要
南非将环境权的内容以宪法文本的形式规定下来,而环境公益诉讼是保障宪法环境权实现最为常见且有效的手段之一。南非环境公益诉讼的基本特征是以宪法环境权为核心,将允许提起环境公益诉讼的主体放宽为任何与环境权有关的个人或组织,并将环境公益诉讼的类型细化为环境民事公益诉讼、行政公益诉讼和刑事公益诉讼;建立了专门化的环境诉讼机关处理;还构建了有利于为环境公益提起诉讼的个人或组织的诉讼费用承担制度。这对我国环境公益诉讼制度的完善具有借鉴意义。环境权入宪是环境立法、司法与执法的基础,也是环境公益诉讼中的核心与基石;并且我国目前对环境公益诉讼主体限制较多,适当扩大适格诉讼主体的范围是环境公益诉讼的改革的方向之一。
The South Africa, the content of environmental rights is stipulated in the form of constitutional text, and the environment public interest litigation is one of the most common and effective means to ensure the realization of Constitution environment right. The basic characteristics of environment public interest litigation in South Africa is cored with Constitution environment right, relax restrictions of subject who is allowed to conduct an environment public interest to any individual or organization related to environmental right, and refine the types of environmental public interest litigation as civil environmental public interest litigation and administrative public interest litigation and criminal public interest litigation;Established a specialized environmental litigation authority;Constructed the litigant charge system of the individual or organization that is beneficial for bringing lawsuit to the vironmental public good. Environmental rights into the constitution is the basis of environmental legislation Judicial and law enforcement, also is the core and foundation of environmental public interest litigation;The subjects of environmental pub? lie interest litigation and China' s current limit is more, appropriate to expand the eligibility of litigation subject scope is one of the direction of the reform of environmental public interest litigation.
出处
《湘江青年法学》
2017年第1期144-156,共13页
Law Journal of Xiangjiang Youth
关键词
南非
宪法环境权
环境公益诉讼
South Africa
Constitution Environment Right
Environmental Public Interest Litigation
