摘要
综述了荔枝上植物生长调节剂的使用情况和残留现状。荔枝上登记的植物生长调节剂有效成分8个(赤霉酸、多效唑、芸苔素内酯、复硝酚钠、氟节胺、萘乙酸、乙烯利、对氯苯氧乙酸)。我国制定了荔枝上萘乙酸、多效唑和乙烯利的最大残留限量,欧盟和日本制定的相关残留限量分别为18个和12个。荔枝上植物生长调节剂的应用研究主要集中在花期调控、保果壮果、采前落果、成熟着色、品质调控和采后保鲜等方面。荔枝上植物生长调节剂的合理使用准则涉及农业标准1个和地方标准6个。本文总结了实际生产中荔枝上植物生长调节剂的使用种类和方法。残留分析表明,荔枝上植物生长调节剂检出率为3.1%~54.7%,慢性膳食风险均小于8%ADI,对一般人群无明显健康风险。该综述将为引导荔枝科学消费和监管服务提供理论基础。
The usage and residues of plant growth regulators on litchi were reviewed. There are 8 plant growth regulators (PGRs) registered for application on litchi in China, i.e. gibberellin, paclobutrazol, brassinolide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, flumetralin, 1-naphthylacetic acid, ethephon and 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid. The maximum residue limits of 1-naphthylacetic acid, paclobutrazol and ethephon have been established by China in the China national standard. There are 18 and 12 PGRs with the maximum limits established by European Union and Japan, respectively. The applied study of PGRs on litchi were mainly focused on flowering regulation, fruit protection and swelling, preharvest fruit drop, fruit coloration, quality regulation and postharvest handling. The safety guideline for application of PGRs on litchi was established in one agricultural industry standard and six local standards. The PGRs and their application methods in actual litchi production were summarized. Analysis of residues of the PGRs showed that the detective rate of PGR on litchi was between 3.1% and 54.7% and that chronic dietary intake risk was below 8% ADI. The result indicated that the residues of PGRs on litchi have no obvious risk for the health of general population. This review provides some basis for reasonable consumption and supervision of litchi.
作者
马晨
张群
段云
张学强
张利强
MA Chen;ZHANG Qun;DUAN Yun;ZHANG Xueqiang;ZHANG Liqiang(Analysis and Testing Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences/Hainan Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety for Tropical Fruits and Vegetables/ Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Tropical Products (Haikou), Haikou, Hainan 571101)
出处
《热带农业科学》
2019年第4期67-75,共9页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture
基金
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(No.1630082016003,No.1630082017003)
国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(No.GJFP2018004,No.GJFP20180014)
