摘要
为给邯郸地区小麦节水栽培提供依据,于2016-2017年选用高产小麦品种邯麦16号进行大田试验,设置了3个测墒补灌处理(分别用W70、W75和W80表示,W70处理拔节期、开花期的0~40cm土层目标相对含水量均为70%,W75处理均为75%,W80处理均为80%),以全生育期不灌溉W0和当地常规灌溉WN为对照,研究了拔节期、开花期测墒补灌对邯麦16号小麦产量及耗水特征的影响。结果表明,与WN处理相比,W75处理的总灌水量明显降低,土壤水消耗量及其占总耗水量的比例明显提高,促进了小麦对土壤水的利用;W75处理的总耗水量明显下降,籽粒产量、水分利用效率、灌溉水利用效率、灌溉效率均显著增加。开花期依据土壤含水量补灌至目标相对含水量为75%的水分管理措施,较传统灌溉明显降低了总耗水,同时提高了小麦产量和水分利用率,实现了高产、节水及水分高效利用,是本试验条件下最优测墒补灌处理。
In 2016-2017,a field experiment with a high-yielding winter wheat cultivar Hanmai 16 as material was conducted to study the effects of supplement irrigation based on measuring soil moisture at the joining stage and anthesis stage on the water use characteristics and grain yield of wheat.Three treatments of supplemental irrigation were designed in this field experiment,including supplemental irrigation based on measuring soil moisture content of 0-40 cm soil layers at jointing and anthesis,which can make the moisture content of target soil reach 70%(W70),75%(W75),80%(W80),no irrigation(W0) during the whole growth period and the local traditional irrigation(WN).The results showed that: compared with WN,W75 showed lower irrigation amount and higher soil water consumption and its proportion of total water consumption,promoting the use efficiency of soil water;the total water consumption of W75 was significantly lower than that of WN,but the grain yield,water use efficiency,irrigation water use efficiency and irrigation efficiency of W75 was significantly higher than those of WN.At joining stage and anthesis stage,compared with local traditional irrigation,the target water content of 75%,increased from 0 to 40 centimeters of soil water content,significantly reduced total water consumption,but increased yield and water use efficiency,and realized simultaneous improvement of yield and water use efficiency.W75 was the best treatment for high wheat yield and water conservation under the experimental conditions.
作者
苏玉环
刘保华
王雪香
张清华
宋彦龙
陈冬梅
马永安
SU Yuhuan;LIU Baohua;WANG Xuexiang;ZHANG Qinghua;SONG Yanlong;CHEN Dongmei;MA Yongan(Handan Academy of Agriculture Science,Handan,Hebei 056001,China;Weixian Meteorological Bureau,Weixian,Hebei 056800,China)
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期589-594,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家小麦产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-03)
现代农业科技奖励性后补助专项(18926323H)
河北省高端人才项目
河北省巨人计划创新团队项目
关键词
邯麦16号
测墒补灌
籽粒产量
耗水特征
Hanmai 16
Supplemental irrigation based on measurement of moisture content
Grain yield
Water consumption characteristics
