摘要
目的分析2018年南通市区中毒患者的流行病学特点,为指导中毒患者抢救提供依据。方法基于自主开发的《基于大数据的急性中毒患者院前院内抢救信息平台》收集2018-01-01至2018-12-31由南通市急救中心接诊的所有急性中毒患者476例,采集患者基本情况(性别、年龄、职业)、毒物分析(毒物种类、中毒途径、中毒原因)、院前急救(接诊至入院时间、抢救措施)等病例资料并进行流行病学分析。结果患者平均年龄(32.23±14.42)岁,男女性别比为0.83∶1,无业者占比54.62%(260/476)。酒精中毒患者401例,占比84.24%,非酒精中毒患者75例,占比15.76%。非酒精中毒原因包括自杀(11.14%)、意外中毒(3.99%)、被投毒(0.63%),中毒途径主要为经消化道中毒(74.67%),毒物种类主要为药品(42.67%)及农药(24.00%),毒物成分包括单一(89.33%)和混合(10.67%)两种。整体发病高峰分布在2月(62例,13.02%)和8月(59例,12.39%),非酒精中毒高峰分布在5月(13例,17.30%)和8月(10例,13.30%)。61.98%的病例接诊时间<6h,救护车接诊至入院平均时长(12.15±8.02)min。401例酒精中毒患者在急救车上均应用阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮等治疗,非酒精中毒患者中,应用特效解毒药物24例(5.04%)、气管插管6例(1.26%)、心肺复苏3例(0.63%)。接诊时或送至医院前宣布死亡的患者3例(0.6%)。结论2018年南通市区由急救中心接诊的急性中毒患者以年轻人为主,酒精为最主要的中毒类型,非酒精中毒以药品为多见,患者的预后与转运时间及在抢救车上及时应用相关药物、进行必要的急救措施有关。
Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of poisoning patients in downtown Nantong in 2018, and to provide references for saving poisoning patients. Methods Based on the self-developed "Information Platform for Pre-hospital Rescue of Acute Poisoning Patients Based on Big Data", 476 cases of acute poisoning patients treated in Nantong Emergency Center from January to December 2018 were collected. The basic information of patients (gender, age, occupation), toxic analysis (species, route, cause), pre-hospital first aid (admission time, rescue measures) and other data were collected and given epidemiological analysis. Results The average age of the patients was (32.23±14.42) years, the ratio of male to female was 0.83 ∶ 1, and the unemployed accounted for 54.62%(260/476). There were 401 cases being alcohol intoxication, accounting for 84.24%, 75 being non-alcoholic poisoning, accounting for 15.76%. The causes of non-alcoholic poisoning included suicide (11.14%), accidental poisoning (3.99%) and being poisoned (0.63%). The main route of poisoning was digestive tract poisoning (74.67%). The main types of poisoning were drugs (42.67%) and pesticides (24.00%). The toxic components included single (89.33%) and mixed (10.67%). The overall incidence peak was in February (62 cases, 13.02%) and August (59 cases, 12.39%). The non-alcoholic poisoning peaks were in May (13 cases, 17.3%) and August (10 cases, 13.3%). 61.98% of the cases were sent to hospital in less than 6 hours, and the average time from ambulance to admission was (12.15±8.02) min. 401 patients with alcoholism were treated with opioid receptor antagonist naloxone in emergency ambulance. Among non-alcoholic patients, 24 (5.04%) were treated with specific antidotes, 6 (1.26%) with tracheal intubation and 3 (0.63%) with cardiopulmonary resuscitation. 3 patients (0.6%) were declared dead at the time of arriving or before being sent to hospital. Conclusions In 2018, young people are the major group subjected to acu
作者
朱保锋
沈君华
顾鹏
顾莉
徐亦男
陈建荣
ZHU Baofeng;SHEN Junhua;GU Peng;GU Li;XU Yinan;CHEN Jianrong(Department of Emergency Medicine, SecondAffiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China;Nantong Emergency Center, Nantong 226001, China)
出处
《中华灾害救援医学》
2019年第6期301-304,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine
基金
南通市科技局民生事业及临床诊疗项目(MS12017016-1)
计算机软件著作权(证书号:软著登字第3369650号)
关键词
急性中毒
流行病学
院前急救
acute poisoning
epidemiology
pre-hospital rescue
