摘要
我国西北大部分地区在公路自然区划中属于季节性冻土区,由于冬季气温较低,雨雪天极易造成沥青路面积雪凝冰,路面积雪凝冰严重威胁着行车安全,研究如何快速高效地融雪除冰对于提高冬季路面行车安全有较高的社会实用价值。通过自行设计的融雪剂凝冰点测试装置,首先对自来水和蒸馏水的凝冰点进行测试以验证试验方案的可行性;其次,采用双通道数字测温仪对四种不同浓度(5%,10%,15%和20%)下常用的氯盐类和非氯盐类融雪剂的凝冰点进行测试,并与根据稀溶液依数性规律对浓度为5%时的单一型融雪剂计算的理论凝冰点进行对比;最后基于单一型融雪剂的凝冰点测试结果配制了三种不同掺配比例(3∶7,4∶6,5∶5)下的六种新型复配型融雪剂,并对其凝冰点进行了测试。研究结果表明:浓度为5%时的单一型融雪剂的实测凝冰点数据与计算的理论凝冰点数据相符;氯盐类融雪剂和非氯盐类融雪剂以及复配型融雪剂的凝冰点降低均符合稀溶液依数性规律;八种单一型融雪剂的凝冰点较低的为氯化钠和氯化钙,表明氯盐类融雪剂的融雪除冰效果整体优于非氯盐类融雪剂;复配型融雪剂的凝冰点大小顺序为:氯化钠-乙二醇<氯化钠-1,2-丙二醇<氯化钙-乙二醇<氯化钠-尿素<氯化钙和1,2-丙二醇<氯化钙和尿素。综合考虑融雪剂的凝冰点、经济性和环保性,建议选用氯化钠-乙二醇复配型融雪剂作为季节性冻土区低温期沥青路面融雪除冰用融雪剂。
Most of the northwestern areas of China belong to the seasonal frozen region in the natural zoning for highway. Snow and ice can easily cause snow cover and freezing on the asphalt pavement due to the lower temperature in winter,which seriously threaten traffic safety. Therefore,it is of great social and practical value to study how to remove snow and ice quickly and efficiently for improving road safety in winter. Through the self-designed deicer freezing point test device,firstly,the freezing point of tap water and distilled water were tested to verify the feasibility of the test program. Then,the dual channel thermometer was used to test the freezing point of several commonly used chloride salt and non-chlorine salt deicers under four different concentrations(5%,10%,15% and 20%). The theoretical freezing point of these deicers were respectively calculated according to the law of the colligative properties of dilute solutions at the concentration of 5%. The measured freezing point and the theoretical freezing point of single deicer were compared. Finally,six new compounding deicers under different mixed ratios ( 3∶ 7 ,4∶ 6,5∶ 5) were prepared and the freezing point were tested according to the freezing point test results of single deicers. The results show that the measured freezing point of the single deicer at the concentration of 5% is consistent with the calculated theoretical freezing point. The freezing point of the chloride salt deicers,the non-chlorine salt deicers,and the compound deicers are all in accordance with the law of the colligative properties of dilute solutions. As sodium chloride and calcium chloride have lower freezing point of the eight single deicers,it is indicated that the chloride salt deicers are better at deicing than the non-chlorine salt deicers. The order of the freezing point of the compound deicers is: sodium chloride and ethylene glycol<sodium chloride and glycol<calcium chloride and ethylene glycol<sodium chloride and urea<calcium chloride and glycol<calcium chloride an
作者
李萍
魏西应
念腾飞
刘洋
毛昱
LI Ping;WEI Xi-ying;NIAN Teng-fei;LIU Yang;MAO Yu(School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)
出处
《硅酸盐通报》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第5期1561-1567,共7页
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
基金
国家自然科学基金(51868047,51668041)
甘肃省科技支撑项目(1504GKCA031)
关键词
季冻区
沥青路面
融雪剂
凝冰点
依数性
seasonal frozen region
asphalt pavement
deicers
freezing point
colligative property
