摘要
核风险的不确定性揭示了我国核损害赔偿责任制度的缺陷,存在立法阙如、单一性司法救济、重事后赔偿、赔偿限额低且缺乏动态性、风险分担机制狭窄、诉讼时效短等问题。有关核损害赔偿的国际公约和主要有核国家的立法规范与赔偿实践值得我国借鉴。结合我国国情,针对立法建构问题提出以下建议:核损害赔偿责任制度以分散至《核安全法》中为宜;建立效率优先、兼顾公平的损害赔偿模式;实行动态化的限额标准管理,适时提高责任限额;建立横向多元、纵向多级的财务保证制度;建立核损害赔偿应急制度;延长诉讼时效。
In risk society,scientific uncertainty has revealed the institutional defects of compensation liability system for nuclear damage in China,such as absence of legislation,relying on only judicial relief,emphasizing compensation afterwards,low and inflexible limitation amount for compensation,limited risk sharing mechanism and short time limit for action.The international convention on compensation for nuclear damage and the legislation and practice of compensation in the main nuclear states are instructive to China.In view of China’s national conditions,some suggestions are given to tackle the problems of legislation construction in China:putting the compensation liability system for nuclear damage into Nuclear Safety Law;building a damage compensation model that prioritizes efficiency while balancing fairness;implementing flexible limitation standards,and improving liability limitation amount appropriately;establishing a horizontally diversified and vertically multi-level financial guarantee system;establishing an emergency system for nuclear damage compensation;prolonging the time limit for action.
作者
陈建
CHEN Jian(Economic Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)
出处
《大连理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期62-68,共7页
Journal of Dalian University of Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金一般项目:“民用核能生态安全保障法律制度研究”(15YJA820041)
重庆市决策咨询与管理创新项目:“我国西部地区自然灾害防治一体化法律机制研究”(cstc2016jccxBX0035)
关键词
核损害
赔偿责任
风险社会
营运人
nuclear damage
compensation liability
risk society
operator
