摘要
汽车多体动力学分析时,麦弗逊悬架通常采用刚体建模,无法表现出传力过程中控制臂受力变形较大的特点,因此仿真结果与实际运动情况偏差较大。基于Adams/Car系统建立麦弗逊悬架刚柔耦合模型,利用试验和有限元仿真结合的方法得到悬架橡胶衬套本构模型以及刚度数据,提高了模型精度。通过悬架运动学特性分析中的同向轮跳试验仿真,分析车轮定位参数的变化、抗制动点头率及顺从转向特性参数等悬架有关的性能指标,将所得评价指标结果与有关标准规范值及有关权威文献的结论进行对比,发现车轮前束角和主销后倾角变化超出合理范围,抗制动点头率和顺从转向值变化处于合理范围,但仍有优化空间。鉴于设计后期整车基本参数已经确定及悬架橡胶衬套刚度和安装角度对悬架性能影响较大的特点,联合Adams/Car和Isight进行灵敏度分析;以车轮定位参数、抗制动点头率、顺从转向值为优化目标,以灵敏度较高的悬架橡胶衬套参数为优化变量,选择第2代非支配排序多目标优化遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)为优化算法,进行多因素联合优化;优化后车轮定位参数变化范围、顺从转向值减小,抗制动点头率提高。结果表明,下控制臂前后衬套刚度和安装角度对悬架性能影响明显,经过优化,悬架性能得到改善。
In the multi-body dynamics analysis of the automobile,the McPherson suspension usually adopts rigid body modeling,which show the characteristics of large deformation of the control arm during the force transmission process.Therefore,the simulation results deviate greatly from the actual motion.Based on the Adams/Car system,the rigid-flexible coupling model of McPherson suspension is established.The constitutive model and stiffness data of the suspension rubber bushings are obtained by the combination of experiment and finite element simulation,which effectively improves the accuracy of the model.Through the simulation of the same direction wheel jump test in the analysis of the kinematics of the suspension,the performance indexes of the suspension,such as the change of the wheel alignment parameters,the anti-braking head rate and the compliance steering characteristic parameters are analyzed,and the results of the evaluation index and the relevant standard specifications are obtained.Comparing the values with the conclusions of the authoritative literature,it is found that the change of the toe angle and the caster angle of the wheel exceeds the reasonable range,and the anti-braking head rate and the compliance steering value are within a reasonable range,but there is still room for optimization.In view of the fact that the basic parameters of the vehicle have been determined at the end of the design and the stiffness and mounting angle of the suspension rubber bushings have a great influence on the suspension performance,the sensitivity analysis is carried out in combination with Adams/Car and Isight.The wheel positioning parameters,the anti-braking head rate,and the compliance steering value are selected as the optimization targets,the parameters of the suspension rubber bushings with higher sensitivity are used as the optimization variables,and the second-generation non-dominated sorting multi-objective optimization genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)is selected as the optimization algorithm for multi-factor joint opti
作者
陈宝
张瑞
付江华
陈哲明
许言明
汪鸿志
CHEN Bao;ZHANG Rui;FU Jianghua;CHEN Zheming;XU Yanming;WANG Hongzhi(Department of Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 401320,China;Hebei Huami Rubber Co.,Ltd.,Xingtai 054001,China;Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Automobile Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400000,China)
出处
《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第5期17-26,共10页
Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science
基金
重庆市基础研究与前沿探索项目(cstc2018jcyjAX0109)
重庆理工大学研究生创新资助项目(ycx2018101)
关键词
麦弗逊悬架
刚柔耦合
本构模型
灵敏度分析
NSGA-Ⅱ
McPherson suspension
rigid-flexible coupling
constitutive model
sensitivity analysis
NSGA-Ⅱ
