摘要
为明确黄瓜霜霉病菌Pseudoperonospora cubensis对氟吡菌胺的抗性时空动态,2011—2016年从河北省和山东省黄瓜主产区采集1 821株霜霉病菌,采用叶盘漂浮法检测供试菌株对氟吡菌胺的敏感性,并以茎叶喷雾法评估5种常规药剂对黄瓜霜霉病的田间防效。结果表明,河北省和山东省黄瓜主产区的黄瓜霜霉病菌对氟吡菌胺已普遍产生了低度抗性,平均抗性倍数为5.86;所有供试菌株的抗性频率为51.89%,其中低抗菌株及中抗菌株分别占36.18%和15.71%;平均抗性指数为0.34,每年检测的抗性频率、抗性倍数及抗性指数呈增长趋势,且随着监测区域的变化而变化。在河北省定兴县和山东省寿光市进行的田间防效试验结果显示,按推荐剂量喷施,687.5 g/L氟吡菌胺·霜霉威盐酸盐SC对黄瓜霜霉病防效显著高于常规对照药剂68%精甲霜灵·代森锰锌WG、58%甲霜灵·代森锰锌WP、80%代森锰锌WP及250 g/L嘧菌酯SC的防效,但防效明显下降,由2011年的92.58%～93.31%降至2016年的80.07%～80.82%。表明需要制定和实施抗药性治理对策,如限制山东和河北2省黄瓜的每个生长季节中687.5 g/L氟菌·霜霉威SC的使用不超过2次,而且要与不同作用机理的卵菌杀菌剂交替使用防治黄瓜霜霉病。
To clarify the temporal and spatial dynamics of the resistance Pseudoperonospora cubensis to fluopicolide in Hebei and Shandong provinces of China, the sensitivities to fluopicolide in 1 821 P.cubensis strains collected from main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong provinces from2011 to 2016 were measured by leaf disc floating tests, and the control efficacies of five conventional fungicides against cucumber downy mildew were assayed by spraying stems and leaves in the fields.The results showed that P. cubensis widely developed low resistance to fluopicolide all over the main cucumber production areas of Hebei and Shandong, with an average resistance factor of 5.86. The strains with low and moderate resistance accounted for 36.18% and 15.71%, respectively;the resistance frequency to fluopicolide was 51.89%, and the average resistance index was 0.34 for all tested strains.The three indexes of P. cubensis tended to increase year by year and varied as the detected regions changed. The results of the trials of control efficacy of fungicides against the disease showed that spray of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC at the recommended rate gave significantly higher control against cucumber downy mildew in Hebei and Shandong than spray of mefenoxam· mancozeb 68 WG, metalaxyl·mancozeb 58 WP, mancozeb 80 WP or azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC at the recommended rates, but the control efficacy of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC significantly decreased from 92.58%-93.31% in 2011 to 80.07%-80.82% in 2016. The monitoring results of wide occurrence of low resistance to fluopicolide was consistent with the field trial result of obviously less effectiveness of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC, indicating that the strategies of resistance management to fluopicolide in P. cubensis need to be established and implemented,such as limiting the spray times of fluopicolide · propamocarb hydrochloride 687.5 g/L SC to twice within a growth season of cucumber and using
作者
王文桥
韩秀英
吴杰
赵建江
孟润杰
路粉
Wang Wenqiao;Han Xiuying;Wu Jie;Zhao Jianjiang;Meng Runjie;Lu Fen(Key Laboratory for Integrated Management of Crop Pests in Northern Regions of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Integrated Pest Managment Center of Hebei Province,Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Baoding 071000,Hebei Province,China;Baoding College of Technology,Baoding 071051,Hebei Province,China)
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期385-392,共8页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201006)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003004)
农业部农作物病虫鼠害疫情监测与防治项目(10162130108235057)
关键词
黄瓜霜霉病菌
氟吡菌胺
抗性
时空动态
田间防效
Pseudoperonospora cubensis
fluopicolide
resistance
temporal and spatial dynamics
control efficacy
