摘要
摘要目的探讨小型煤矿接尘工人离岗时健康状况,为煤工尘肺的预防和保障措施提供依据。方法于2017年,收集某乡镇小型煤矿1 008名离岗接尘作业人员职业健康监护资料,就工种、年龄、工龄等指标与尘肺患病情况进行分析和评价。结果该乡镇小型煤矿离岗工人的呼吸系统和心血管系统异常检出率高,尘肺病检出率高达34.82%(351/1 008),不同工种接尘作业人员尘肺病检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),尘肺病检出率最高的是主掘进工(54.47%)。接尘工人不同年龄、工龄之间尘肺病检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ2趋势=64.63、7.65,P<0.05),随着年龄和工龄的增加,尘肺病检出率增高。结论该乡镇小型煤矿离岗接尘作业人员尘肺病患病形式严峻,应加强小型煤矿作业工人职业健康监护工作,早发现、早诊断、早治疗尘肺病。
Objective To explore the health status of the workers who were leaving their posts from small-scaled coal mines, and to provide evidence for coal workers’ pneumoconiosis prevention and safeguard measures. Methods In 2017, 1008 workers from the coal mine in a town were monitored for occupational health, and the effects of working type, age were analyzed and evaluated. Results The health monitoring of the mine workers in this town showed high rate of the abnormal detection of respiratory system and cardiovascular system, the incidence rate of pneumoconiosis was up to 34.82%. The incidence of pneumoconiosis in different types of work was not the same (P<0.05), and the incidence of tunneling workers' pneumoconiosis was the highest. Pneumoconiosis detection rate increased with age (P<0.05). The difference of pneumoconiosis detection rate among workers of different ages was statistically significant (P<0.05), among which the pneumoconiosis detection rate was the highest in the group of 40 years old. Conclusion The pneumoconiosis is serious in small coal mines in this town. It should strengthen the prevention of diseases such as respiratory system and cardiovascular system of coal mine workers, and pay attention to their health management and prolong the life of patients with pneumoconiosis.
作者
黄英
贺筠云
张艳丽
Huang Ying;He Junyun;Zhang Yanli(Hubei Yichang Disease Prevention and Control Center, Yichang 443000, China)
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期283-285,共3页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
煤矿工人
尘肺
职业健康监护
Coal mine workers
Pneumoconiosis
Occupational health care