摘要
近江牡蛎(Crassostrea ariakensis)是中国沿海具有重要经济价值的牡蛎种类,能够建造复杂的生物礁结构(牡蛎礁),被喻为"生态系统工程师"。然而,环境恶化、过度捕捞、生境破坏等造成牡蛎礁退化,通过近江牡蛎苗种繁育与增殖来修复严重退化的牡蛎礁,是实现沿海生态修复的关键技术之一,对生态环境的修复起着重要作用,国内尚无对近江牡蛎人工繁育的报道。采用室内培育的手段,模拟野外近江牡蛎的整个生命过程,系统描述了近江牡蛎的亲本育肥、加温催产、产卵、幼虫培育、附着及稚贝生长等过程,测定了近江牡蛎D形幼虫、壳顶幼虫、眼点幼虫等浮游幼体发育阶段的形态及大小,并介绍了不同阶段的理化环境和饵料条件。结果表明,育苗池温度变化不明显,在23℃上下波动;盐度波动变化较明显,最高达28,最低为17;近江牡蛎壳高、壳长随天数的变化而不断增长,增加速度前期较快后期较为缓慢;不同发育阶段的幼虫饵料投喂量也存在明显差异,饵料投喂量在眼点幼虫阶段最多,D形幼虫阶段最少。研究结果对近江牡蛎人工繁育与牡蛎礁恢复均具有重要的理论和实践意义,旨在为近江牡蛎的人工繁育提供基础资料,为牡蛎礁恢复提供基础物种,创造更大的经济和生态价值。
The oyster Crassostra ariakensis that creates complex biogenic reef is an oyster species with important economic value along the coast of China,which is called “ecosystem engineer”.However, oyster reef is deteriorated by environmental deterioration, overfishing and habitat destruction.Restoring the seriously degraded oyster reef through the breeding and proliferation of oyster seedlings is one of the key technologies for achieving coastal ecological restoration, and plays an important role in the restoration of the ecological environment.There is no report on artificial breeding of C.ariakensis in China.The aim is to provide basic information for the artificial breeding of C.ariakensis , to provide basic species for the restoration of oyster reefs, and to create greater economic and ecological value.In this study, the whole life process of wild C.ariakensis was simulated by means of indoor cultivation.The study systematically described the process of brood stock conditioning, spawning, larval rearing and spat growth during artificial breeding of C.ariakensisis .Morphology and size of several larval stages from D-shaped larvae to metamorphosis development stages are also determined.We also record physical-chemical environment and feeding diet during larval rearing.The result indicates that the variation of the temperature is not obvious, fluctuat in the range of23℃;while the fluctuation of salinity is great.The highest is28, the lowest is 17;shell height and shell length of C.ariakensis is rapidly increasing with the day.The growth rate in former stage is much faster than that of the latter.Besides, there are also significant differences in the feeding amount of larvae at different developmental stages.The feeding amount of eyebot larvae is outnumbered by D-shaped larvae and umbo larvae, and the less is D-shaped larvae.The result would provide implications for oyster aquaculture and oyster reef restorations.
作者
孙兆跃
王桃妮
范瑞良
任国平
唐保军
全为民
SUN Zhao-yue;WANG Tao-ni;FAN Rui-liang;REN Guo-ping;TANG Bao-jun;QUAN Wei-min(Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;Fishery and Life Science College,Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;GuoyanFishery Breeding Factory, Laizhou Shangdong 261400, China)
出处
《渔业信息与战略》
2019年第2期121-127,共7页
Fishery Information & Strategy
基金
中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项课题(2019ZD0103)
关键词
幼虫
产卵
稚贝
牡蛎礁
larvae
spawning
spat
oyster reef
