摘要
目的初步探讨复杂香味进行嗅觉训练对外伤或上呼吸道感染引起的嗅觉障碍的疗效。方法 2016年12月~2018年3月于中国医科大学附属第一医院门诊收治的外伤及上呼吸道感染后嗅觉障碍患者36例,其中男12例,女24例;年龄20~80岁,平均年龄(47.61±16.68)岁,病程3~60个月,平均病程(13.58±13.51)个月。分别按病因分为上呼吸道感染组(19例)和外伤组(17例),按嗅觉下降程度分为嗅觉下降组(18例)和嗅觉丧失组(18例)。均采用患者自行购买的4种味道明显不同的香水进行嗅觉训练,治疗前后进行嗅觉综合VAS评分,并分别对香味、臭味进行嗅觉评分。用Fisher确切概率法进行统计学分析。结果所有患者均完成治疗方案,总有效率为55.56%(20/36)。嗅觉下降组有效率77.78%(14/18),嗅觉丧失组有效率33.33%(6/18),经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上呼吸道感染后嗅觉障碍组有效率73.68%(14/19),外伤后嗅觉障碍组有效率35.29%(6/17),经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗有效患者中50.00%(10/20)对香味感知的恢复明显优于臭味,经比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本研究所采用的嗅觉训练方案具有简便易行、灵活度高、患者负担轻、患者依从度高的特点,对嗅觉障碍患者有一定的疗效,其中对有残余嗅觉的患者疗效更显著,上呼吸道感染引起的嗅觉障碍比外伤后的嗅觉障碍更易于恢复。另外,嗅觉训练通常采用香味嗅剂,因而有重要警示作用的臭味嗅觉恢复明显落后于香味,应该受到重视。
Objective This study was to explore the effects of olfactory training via complex perfume patterns on patients with olfactory dysfunction due to head trauma or upper respiratory tract infection.Methods From December 2016 to March 2018, 36 patients with olfactory dysfunction due to head trauma or upper respiratory tract infection were treated in First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, including 12 males and 24 females, aged from 20 to 80 years, with an average age of 47.61± 16.68 years old;course of 3 months to 60 months, the mean course of 13.58 ± 13.51 months. The patients were divided into "upper respiratory tract infection group"(19 cases) and "trauma group"(17 cases) according to the etiology, and "olfactory decline group"(18 cases) and "olfactory loss group"(18 cases) according to the degree of olfactory decline. Four kinds of perfumes with obviously different flavors purchased by the patients themselves were used for olfactory training. Comprehensive olfactory VAS scores were evaluated before and after olfactory training, which was performed for all the patients. Olfactory comprehensive VAS score was performed before and after treatment, and olfactory score was performed for aroma and odor respectively. Fisher exact probability method was used for statistical analysis(P=0.05).Results Thirty-six patients completed the whole regimen. The total effective rate was 55.56%(20/36) and the cure rate was 13.89%(5/36). The effective rate of the olfactory loss group was 33.33%(6/18);The effective rate of the olfactory decline group was 77.78%(14/18), and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05). The effective rate of the olfactory dysfunction group duo to upper respiratory tract infection was 73.68%(14/19);the effective rate of the olfactory dysfunction group due to head trauma was 35.29%(6/17), and the difference was statistically significant between them(P< 0.05). Among the patients with effective treatment, 50.00%(10/20) was significantly superior to the recovery of odor perception, an
作者
肇越
周金慧
赵雅慧
郎明非
魏宏权
ZHAO Yue;ZHOU Jin-hui;ZHAO Ya-hui;LANG Ming-fei;WEI Hong-quan(Department of Otolaryngology , First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical Universitv, Shenyang 110000, China;Medicalschool of Dalian University,Dalian 116000, China)
出处
《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》
CAS
2019年第2期162-165,共4页
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金(20170540985)
关键词
嗅觉训练
嗅觉障碍
Olfactory training
Olfactory disorders
