摘要
在印度局势因愈演愈烈的英印冲突和急转直下的战争形势而危机四伏之际,蒋介石对英提议访问印度,以拜会印度总督和尼赫鲁、甘地,劝说国大党与英国合作。英方对此持欢迎态度,但忌讳蒋介石干预印度事务,擅自同国大党领导人接触,不过丘吉尔和其下属在对蒋介石意图的理解和应对方式上不尽一致。蒋介石抵印后试图以自己的方式协调英印冲突,英方拒绝其以英国承诺独立换取印度支持的建议,并迫使其放弃私会尼赫鲁和赴沃尔塔拜会甘地的计划。最终英方以默许蒋、甘第三地会面换取蒋介石在与甘地见面之前先会真纳,并发表符合英国意愿的离印演说,蒋介石亦因在英印冲突问题上趋向务实立场而获致英方在外部援华物资和交通线开通问题上的合作及英印舆论的积极回应。
When India was caught in a dangerous situation,resulting from a series of crises,such as the escalating of the British-Indian conflicts and the rapidly deteriorating of the military situation,Chiang Kai-shek proposed to Britain that he would like to visit India in order to talk with the Viceroy of British India and Nehru as well as Gandhi with the hope to persuade the Indian National Congress to cooperate with Britain’s anti-fascist war.The British welcame Chiang’s initiative,but tried to prevent Chiang Kai-shek from interfering with Indian affairs and meeting Nehru and Gandhi before getting permission from Viceroy of British India.Churchill,however,did not see eye to eye with his subordinate officials responsible for the implementation on the ways to estimate Chiang Kai-shek’s intentions and the ways to respond to him.After arriving in India,Chiang Kai-shek tried to coordinate the British-Indian conflicts in his own way.The British not only refused to accept Chiang’s suggestion that the British government promise independence to India to win India’s support for British warfare but also forced Chiang to give up the plan to meet Nehru without permission from The Marquess of Linlithgow and the plan to go to Wardha to visit Gandhi.In the end,the British acquiesced in Chiang’s meeting with Gandhi in a place neither Delhi nor Wardha and got Chiang’s acceptance to meet with Jinnah before his meeting with Gandhi and to make the farewell speech to Indian people before leaving India.Chiang Kai-shek also got the cooperation of British government on trans-shipment of those goods sent to support China’s anti-fascist war through Calcutta and the opening of Sino-Indian air traffic line probable due to his changing to a pragmatic stance to the conflicts between Britain and India.He also received a positive response from public opinions from both Britain and India because of the remarks in his farewell speech.
作者
徐友珍
谭文天
XU You-zhen;TAN Wen-tian(School of History,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《安徽史学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期93-104,共12页
Historical Research In Anhui
基金
胡德坤教授主持的国家社科基金抗日战争研究专项工程“世界反法西斯战争史(含中国抗日战争)档案资料收集整理与研究”的中期成果(16KZD020)
关键词
英国
反法西斯战争
蒋介石
英属印度
外交因应
Britain
Anti-fascist War
Chiang Kai-Shek
British India
diplomatic response
