摘要
人类学关注仪式的结构过程、象征与功能,也关注乡村社会中由仪式的礼俗信仰和文化表征所建构的社会秩序。作为线性时间葬礼以及多维空间葬礼,丧葬仪式在时空、文化、制度等面向上呈现出"差序化"特点。通过对皖南福村一次丧葬仪式的田野考察,以费孝通"差序格局"理论为基本视角,对丧葬仪式时空过程进行了全面描述,分析了丧葬仪式在时空面向呈现的"差序化"特点,提出了乡村社会的"差序"秩序概念与"时空-文化-制度"(TSCS)平衡框架模型。这一文化模型,在四重关系(时空、内外、历史感和地方感、中心与边缘)上均呈现"差序"化特点,实现了乡村"差序"社会秩序的重建与再生产。基于"时空"维度上的乡村丧礼仪式所建构的"差序"秩序,成为研究我国乡村秩序重建的一个缩影和观察点,值得深入挖掘。
Anthropology pays attention to the structural process,symbol and function of rituals,as well as the social order constructed by ritual belief and cultural representation in rural society.As a linear time funeral and multidimensional space funeral,the funeral ceremony presents the characteristics of"differential order"in terms of time and space,culture,system and so on.This study makes a field study on the funeral ceremony of Fu village in southern Anhui Province.Firstly,,this paper puts forward problems based on Fei Xiaotong’s"differential pattern"theory;Secondly,it gives a comprehensive description of the temporal and spatial process of funeral ceremony;thirdly,it analyzes the "differential order"characteristics of funeral ceremony in space and time,culture,system and other aspects;Finally,it puts forward the concept of"differential order"in rural society and Time and space-culture-institution(TSCS)balance framework model.The study concludes that The TSCS cultural model is characterized by"differential order"in four relations(space and time,inside and outside,sense of history and place,center and edge),which realize the reconstruction and reproduction of the"differential order"in rural society.Differential order constructed by rural funeral ceremony based on"space-time"dimension has become a miniature and observation point of the reconstruction of rural order in China,which is worth exploring.
作者
赵旭东
张洁
ZHAO Xudong;ZHANG Jie
出处
《民俗研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第3期124-135,160,共13页
Folklore Studies
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“乡村社会重建与治理创新研究”(项目编号:16JJD840015)的阶段性成果
关键词
差序格局
丧葬仪式
“差序”秩序
时空
differential pattern
funeral ceremony
"differential"order
time and space
