摘要
陕北画像墓中石室墓或石质墓门的出现,表明东汉时以西河郡为核心的今陕北地区的民间信仰发生了某种改变并体现在墓葬文化中,他们使用石头为墓葬建筑材料并在石头上进行雕刻绘画,表明其时石头被赋予了某种特殊的意义;陕北画像石中西王母像的较早模式中,其正面端坐的形象、偶像式的构图方式等,体现出民间西王母信仰已经有了宗教化的倾向;随后出现的羽肩、火焰形座、锯齿边缘状华盖,表明西王母信仰有可能受到了具有月氏或龟兹等西域风格的佛教因素的影响;陕北汉画像石中神秘的牛首鸡首像,以及与佛教有关的象征物狮子、大象等,表明汉代陕北民间已有了关于佛教的某种信仰。考察汉代佛教传入情况时,陕北显然是一个不可忽略的区域。
The folk beliefs in northern Shaanxi had changed somewhat in Eastern Han Dynasty, which arose from using of stones as tomb building material and carving on them. The earlier image pattern of the Queen Mother of the West indicated her religious belief, and the wings of a bird and flame images and canopy with serrated edge in her late image pattern showed the Buddhist influences. The mysterious ox-head and cock-head images as well lions and elephants which are related to Buddhism also appeared in stone sculptures of northern Shaanxi. In conclusion, there were Buddhist elements definitely in stone sculptures of northern Shanxi, which made clear that Buddhist belief had already been popular in this area.
作者
刘蓉
LIU Rong(School of History, Northwest University, Xi’an 716000, China)
出处
《榆林学院学报》
2019年第3期18-25,共8页
Journal of Yulin University
关键词
陕北汉画像石
西王母形象
民间信仰
佛教因素
stone sculptures of northern Shaanxi
image of the Queen Mother of the West
folk beliefs
Buddhist elements
