摘要
明成化末年,班匠以银代役政策的实施,使工匠与政府的人身依附关系趋于松懈,生产的自主性与积极性空前高涨,推动了手工业技术的整体进步。与此同时,江南地区商品经济的发展与市民阶层的兴起,使工商业者的地位有了一定提升,动摇了一直处于顶端的士大夫阶层地位,加之仕途的不顺,文人士夫纷纷从义利之辨中走出,积极主动地投入到各种造物活动中。由此,士、匠两群体开始建立起一种合作关系。通过文献研究法,对士匠互动的背景、起因、变化与发展等进行叙述,并对工匠精神进行兼述,从而得出士匠结合之下的明代江南地区造物活动取得了辉煌成就的结论。
Due to the policy implementation to substitute silver for hard labor in the late year in Chenghua reign of Ming Dynasty, the personal attachment between craftsmen and government tend to be relaxed, and the autonomy and enthusiasm of production rose unprecedentedly, thus promoting the overall progress of handicraft technology. At the same time, the development of commodity economy and the rise of the citizen stratum in the south of the Yangtze River have promoted the status of businessmen to a certain extent, thus shaking the position of the scholar-official class which used to be at the top stratum. Having stepped out of their unfavorable official career, they actively take the initiative in various creative activities rather than the argument of justice and gains. As a result, a cooperative relationship is established between the scholars and craftsmen. Based on the literature review, this paper narrates the background, causes, changes and development of the interaction between both groups, and as well as the spirit of craftsmen, so as to draw a conclusion that the brilliant achievements are made in the creation activities in Jiangnan area of the Ming Dynasty with the combination of scholars and craftsmen.
作者
田倩茹
TIAN Qian-ru(School of Fine Arts, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China)
出处
《西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2019年第2期19-27,共9页
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition)
关键词
明代江南
士大夫
工匠
造物
互动
Jiangnan in the Ming Dynasty
scholar-official
craftsmen
creations
interaction
