摘要
冲动性是一种缺乏充分思考、不顾后果的冒险行为或行为倾向,它既表现在人格特质中,也会表现为各类环境中的行为。成瘾者具有典型的冲动性特征,但成瘾者的冲动性是如何影响和促进成瘾行为的发生、发展,目前还并不明朗。从成瘾形成的不同阶段,也许可以对此有更进一步的了解。在药物使用的开始阶段,冲动性人格特质作为动机原因,促进成瘾物质的首次使用;接着操作性条件学习导致用药者进入"目标-导向"阶段,呈现出选择冲动性。第三阶段,经典条件学习又使相关线索和药物效应不断匹配,形成条件反射性药物使用行为。成瘾者进入习惯性用药阶段,表现出显著的停止冲动性。
Impulsivity is a type of risky behavior or tendency of carrying out such behavior without sufficient consideration of its consequences.It could be represented by impulsive behavior-related personality traits and also delaying discounting or proponent response inhibition.A large number of researches have indicated that the impulsive behavior is implicated in the stages of initiation,maintenance,and relapse of drug-seeking behaviors that are involved in drug addiction.However,how impulsivity influence and facilitate the process of drug addiction is yet to be clarified.Analyzing the impulsivity of the different stages of addiction may lead to further understanding.At the beginning stage of drug use,impulsive personality trait plays a role of motivation to facilitate the drug use behavior.Then continuous operant condition learning leads drug users to enter the goal-oriented stage and presents impulsive selection tendency.At the third stage,classical conditional learning promotes the matching of related cues and drug effects,forming a conditioned reflex.Addicts enter the stage of habitual drug use and show stop impulsivity.
作者
王鹏飞
严瑞婷
苗心
曾红
WANG PengFei;YAN RuiTing;MIAO Xin;ZENG Hong(Department of Psychology,Research Center of Psychology & Brain Science Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第5期834-842,共9页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2014年度教育学一般项目"青少年个体心理危机的预警
监测及干预策略和体系研究"(BBA140050)资助
