摘要
【目的】本次研究对农业土壤肥力定量化管理、土地规划管理、土壤生态化建设等方面均有指导意义,已经建立的这套土壤肥力综合评价方法,为土地进一步分等定级和定量化研究提供数据支撑。【方法】选取北京市通州区于家务乡表层土壤8项常规肥力指标(全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质、pH值)作为评价指标,采用指标相关系数法和隶属度函数评价方法相结合计算出代表土壤肥力状况的IFI值对土壤肥力进行综合评价,并运用地统计学方法和GIS技术进行趋势和空间分析。【结果】研究区土壤中有效磷的变异系数最大为107.04%,pH值变异系数最小为2.80%,变异系数由大到小依次为有效磷>速效钾>碱解氮>有机质>全氮>全磷>全钾>pH值。经过不同趋势次数指标插值误差的综合比较下,初步确定速效钾和IFI选择一次,全氮、碱解氮和pH值选择常数,其余指标均选择二次,同时其具有良好的半方差结构,符合指数模型和高斯型,具有较强的空间相关性,结构性因素引起的变异占主导作用。【结论】根据IFI值将研究区土壤分为优质、良好、中等、差等、劣等5个等级,其中良好、中等和差等级别土壤面积占比高达94.86%。通过空间分布图可见,研究区土壤综合肥力分布较均匀,北部至南部高肥力地区与低肥力地区之间呈条带状交织分布,且高肥力地区与低肥力地区分布面积几乎相等。
【Objective】The research has a guiding significance in quantitative management of agricultural soil fertility,land planning management and ecological construction of soil.The comprehensive evaluation method for the soil fertility which has been figured out will provide data support for land grading and quantitative research.【Method】8 fertility indexes(including total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,organic matter and pH value)of the surface soil located at Yujiawu Township,Tongzhou District,Beijing were selected as the indexes for evaluating the soil fertility.Depending on index correlation coefficient method and membership function evaluation method,this paper figured out IFI value(IFI represents the soil fertility),by which soil fertility could be evaluated comprehensively.Then this paper analyzed the trend and space by geostatistical method and GIS technology.【Result】It was found that the variation coefficient of available phosphorus was the biggest,which was 107.04%while the variation coefficient of pH was the lowest,which was 2.80%.The sequence of variation coefficient is:available phosphorus>available potassium>available nitrogen>organic matter>total nitrogen>total phosphorus>total potassium>pH.Under a comprehensive comparison of the index interpolation error with different trends,linear should be selected for rapidly available potassium and IFI while constant should be selected for total nitrogen,available nitrogen and pH value,quadratic should be selected for other indexes.The semi-variance structure was good,which was consistent with the exponential model and Gaussian-type.Therefore,it had spatial correlation.The variation caused by structural factors played a leading role.【Conclusion】According to IFI value,the soil at the research area is divided into 5 levels---excellent soil,good soil,medium quality soil,bad soil and inferior quality soil.The area of good soil,medium quality soil and inferior quality soil accounts for
作者
杨全合
安永龙
YANG Quan-he;AN Yong-long(Beijing Institute of Geo-exploration Technology,Beijing 102218,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期882-891,共10页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
北京市政府公益性项目"北京市土壤地质环境监测网运行项目"(PXM2018_158307_000004)
北京市土地资源质量综合地质评价(第一阶段:生态地球化学子课题试点)
关键词
地统计学
GIS
土壤肥力
综合评价
Geostatistics
GIS
Soil fertility
Comprehensive evaluation
