摘要
【目的】为探究不同微地形下植被和土壤之间的耦合协调关系。【方法】基于陕北黄土高原5种不同微地形及原状坡植被土壤的全面调查与取样分析,建立7个植被因子和6个土壤因子指标评价体系,采用AHP和熵权法确定各因子的权重,构建了6种地形下的植被土壤耦合协调度模型。最后分析了植被和土壤各因子间的相关关系。【结果】(1)经过十几年的封育,不同地形下的植被土壤系统处在完全不同的发展状态上,其中切沟和塌陷属于良好协调-同步型,缓台属于初级协调-植被滞后型,浅沟属于濒临失调-土壤损益型,陡坎属于中度失调-植被损益型,原状坡属于极度失调-植被损益型。随着耦合协调状态的提升,地上优势物种也由星毛委陵菜逐渐过渡到铁杆蒿、茭蒿。(2)Spearman相关性分析表明:植被平均高度与土壤有机质和全氮呈显著正相关;植被盖度与土壤全氮呈显著正相关;植被Pielou、Simpson和Shannon-Wiener指数与土壤有机质呈显著正相关,与土壤全氮和速效钾呈极显著正相关。【结论】陕北黄土高原进行生态恢复重建过程时应根据不同的地形实施不同标准的恢复措施。
【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the coupling and coordination relationships between vegetation and soil under different microtopographies.【Method】Based on investigation and sam-pling analysis of five different microtopographies and undisturbed slope vegetation soil in the loess plateau of northern Shaanxi province,seven vegetation and six soil factors were established. The weight of the factor was determined by AHP and entropy method. The model of vegetation-soil coupling coordi-nation degree was established under six different microtopographies. The correlation between vegetation and soil factors was analyzed.【Result】①After more than ten years of enclosure recovery,vegetation-soil system under different topographies was in different development states. The gully and collapse were good coordination-synchronous type. The platform was fundamental coordination-vegetation lag type. The shallow gully was near offset-soil profit and loss type. The scarp was moderate offset-vegetation profit and loss type. The undisturbed slope was the type of extreme offset-vegetation profit and loss. With the improvement of the coupling coordination state,the above-ground dominant species was also gradual-ly transferred from the Potentilla acaulis to Artemisia scoparia and Leymus secalinus.②Spearman corre-lation analysis reveled the average height of vegetation was positively correlated with soil organic matter and total nitrogen. Vegetation coverage was positively correlated with soil total nitrogen. Pielou,Simpson and Shannon-wiener indices were positively associated with soil organic matter,total nitrogen and avail-able potassium. Simpson index was positively correlated with soil total nitrogen and available potassium.【Conclusion】For ecological restoration and reconstruction in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi, restoration standards should be considered according to different topographies.
作者
李豪
卢纪元
魏天兴
朱清科
LI Hao;LU Jiyuan;WEI Tianxing;ZHU Qingke(Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation&Desertification Combating/Ministry of Education, School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestrry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《四川农业大学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期192-198,214,共8页
Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University
基金
"十三五"国家重点研发计划(2016YFC050170502)资助
关键词
植被
土壤
耦合
微地形
黄土高原
vegtation
soil
coupling
microrelief
Loess Plateau
