摘要
中国和印度都是世界农业大国,农产品出口存在较大竞争。选取国际市场占有率、显示对称性竞争优势、比较竞争优势和贸易竞争指数4个指标,对2001—2016年中国和印度农产品国际竞争力进行比较分析,并对水产品、园艺产品和谷物的竞争力进行具体分析比价。研究表明,中国农产品的国际市场占有率远高于印度,但是在其他3个方面均低于印度,且为负值。中国水产品、园艺产品的竞争力较高,而印度谷物竞争力较高。主要原因是我国农业生产要素稀缺、需求结构转变、相关产业发展不足、农业生产分散经营。为提高我国农产品国际竞争力,应该进一步改善农业生产要素条件,优化农产品生产、贸易结构,发展相关产业,实现农业适度规模经营,提高农产品竞争力,同时要加强中印农产品贸易合作。
As great agricultural countries in the world, China and India experience fierce competition in agricultural products export. Based on the indexes of MS, RSCA, CA and TC, this paper conducts a contrastive study on international competitiveness of agricultural products in China and India from 2001 to 2016. Results show that Chinese agricultural products accounts for a much higher MS than that of India, but has lower negative values on the other three indexes. Chinese agricultural products are less competitive than that of India. However, China has comparative advantage in fish, vegetable and fruits, while India has advantage in cereal. Reasons for this include scarcity of production elements, change of consumption patterns in the market, underdevelopment of relevant industries and scattered production in agriculture. Therefore, to improve international competitiveness of Chinese agricultural products, it is of great importance to improve agricultural production conditions, optimize production and trade structure, develop relevant industries and implement production at proper scale, and also promote cooperation between China and India in agricultural products trade.
作者
李月娥
张吉国
LI Yue-e;ZHANG Ji-guo(College of Economics and Management, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2019年第9期207-211,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省社科规划项目(19CYYJ16)
山东省"双一流"奖补资金资助(SYL2017XTTD08)
关键词
中印
农产品贸易
国际竞争力
China and India
Agricultural products trade
International competitiveness
