摘要
我国社会保障制度建设由原先仅作为为经济体制改革保驾护航的补充性工具,逐步转向作为推动经济政策与社会政策协同发展的国家治理工具。社会养老保险作为现代社会保障制度的核心构成之一,整体上完全实现了从"国家—单位"保障制度向"国家—社会"保障制度的政策转型。面对我国社会保障制度建设短期内取得的巨大成就,有必要探究我国社会保障政策变迁的深层机理,以推动社会保障政策体系的可持续运转。基于此,借鉴历史制度主义学派的"断裂均衡"概念阐释,运用间断式平衡政策过程理论视角来观察我国城乡居民基本养老保险政策变迁机理,以"解剖麻雀"的方式来解构考察我国社会保障政策变迁过程。结合我国独特的制度结构体制和社会政策情境,通过梳理间断式平衡政策过程理论发端、概念思辨和逻辑演绎,构建了本土化的间断式平衡政策变迁理论分析框架。基于政策间断式平衡发生的诱致性因素和触发性因素,归纳发现政策场域转移触发替代方案,政策垄断破裂催生政策范式转换,是我国城乡居民养老保险政策变迁兼具稳定性与间断性的主要原因。政策子系统中地方政府的新农保试点,宏观政策系统的引领倡导,农民养老问题的严峻挑战,金融危机等焦点事件的出现,正面政策图景的逐步形成,共同诱致城乡居民养老保险政策首次发生间断式平衡,最终触发新农保政策正式替代老农保政策。随后地方政策子系统的属地管理行为,强化了城乡居民养老保险的政策垄断现象。伴随正面政策图景与负面政策图景的共同作用,诱致地方政府政策垄断破裂,促使宏观政治系统启动制度并轨的中央政策议程,进而触发城乡居民养老保险政策发生"间断式再平衡",最终实现了新农保政策与城居保政策的全面整合。间断式平衡政策过程理论视角能够解释我国社�
The construction of the Chinese social security system has gradually turned from a maidservant tool to a national governance tool to promote the coordinated development of economic and social policies. As the core components of modern social security system, social endowment insurance has completely realized the policy transformation from state-unit security system to state-society security system. Facing the great achievements in the short-term construction of the Chinese social security system, it is necessary to explore the deep mechanism of social security policy changes to promote the sustainable operation of the social security policy system. Thus, this paper draws lessons from the concept of punctuated equilibrium of historical institutionalism and uses the theory of it to observe the policy changes mechanism of the basic endowment insurance for the urban and rural residents and inspect the process of social security policy changes in China.Combining the unique institutional structural factors and social policy situation in China, this paper sets up a localized theoretical analysis framework for the policy change via understanding the theoretical origin,conceptual speculation and logical deduction of the punctuated equilibrium theory. Combining the inducing factors and triggering factors of policy’s punctuated equilibrium, it is found the main reasons for the punctuation and equilibrium of endowment insurance policy changes are the policy field transfer triggering alternative plan and the policy paradigm transformation caused by the policy monopoly breakdown. Local government’s new rural endowment insurance pilot project in the policy system, and the policy advocacy of the macro policy system induce the first punctuated equilibrium of the endowment insurance policy. Subsequently,the territorial management of the local policy subsystem strengthens the policy monopoly phenomenon of the endowment insurance policy. With the joint function of positive and negative policy images, the policy monopoly is broke
作者
康镇
KANG Zhen(School of Government, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《四川理工学院学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期56-72,共17页
Journal of Sichuan University of Science & Engineering(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(17CSH078)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目(2017SJB0255)
关键词
间断式平衡
社会保障
政策变迁
养老保险
新农保
城居保
punctuated equilibrium
social security
policy change
endowment insurance
new rural social endowment insurance
social endowment insurance for urban residents
