摘要
长期以来,美国对外关系研究的新路径并没有对例外论者的假设构成挑战,同时也无法对全球范围内的美国经验提供一个比较视角。最近开展的边地(borderland)和边疆(frontier)研究则为历史学家提供了一个深入到文化遭遇、文化认同转变以及国家政治边缘的富有价值的视角,并可以对周边地区的人力和自然资源如何整合到更大的经济交换体系这一过程进行分析。在对边疆研究的域外经验与实践进行系统梳理之后,本文指出,有必要将边疆路径引入美国对外关系研究的领域,这样不仅有助于相关研究的推进,而且能够突破特纳理论的局限,进而更全面地看待包括当代跨国市场等在内的美国的内部发展与海外扩张历程。
Historians of American foreign relations would seemingly be well positioned to offer a cutting edge historical interpretation of Fordlandia to match the brilliance of Sguiglia s literary treatment. Persistent calls for methodological innovation, ranging in tone from philippic to jeremiad, have prompted scholars to introduce race, culture, ideology, postmodernism, literary criticism, and gender into their analyses. They have studied non state actors and marginalized groups and borrowed from political science, cultural studies, and other disciplines.But in general, these new approaches to U.S. foreign relations neither challenge the exceptionalist assumptions that have for so long been associated with the field nor provide comparative perspective on the American experience in the world.Recent scholarship on borderlands and frontiers, however, offers historians valuable insights into the nature of cultural encounters and shifting cultural identities, the fringes of states political authority, and the integration of the human and natural resources of peripheral areas into larger systems of economic exchange. Fordlandia serves as a case study of these phenomena, one in which distinctly American notions of Manifest Destiny played an important role, as well as of larger patterns in global history that shaped the continental development and overseas expansion of the United States. The diverse group of historians, anthropologists, and area specialists who study borderlands and frontiers do not simply offer scholars of U.S. foreign relations another category of analysis to add to their repertoire. As some historians have already discovered, their approaches point the way toward a transnational history of the United States encompassing both the unique aspects of the American experience and a global, comparative context that enriches our understanding of U.S. history. Defining “frontier” and “borderland” is a daunting challenge to say the least, given the myriad cases to which scholars have applied these two terms. F
作者
内森.J.西蒂诺
袁剑
刘玺鸿
Nathan J.Citino;Yuan Jian(Translators);Liu Xihong(Translators)(Department of History, Rice University,Houston ,Texas ,USA;School of Ethnology and Sociology, Minzu University of China,Beijing,China)
出处
《民族学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期27-40,102-104,共15页
Journal of Ethnology
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"‘一带一路’沿线各国民族志研究及数据库建设"(17ZDA156)的阶段性成果的阶段性成果
关键词
美国
全球边疆
对外关系
America
global frontier
foreign relations
comparative
