摘要
为了改善改性单基发射药的安定性和力学性能,制备了含3种不同粒径(50、80和110μm)球形硝基胍(NQ)的改性单基发射药,通过差示扫描量热法、真空安定性试验和甲基紫试验研究了其热分解过程和热安定性,并测试了其抗冲击和抗压缩强度,分析了NQ粒径变化对改性单基发射药热行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明,3种含球形NQ的改性单基发射药试样有两个热分解过程,第一个分解过程对应的是混合硝化棉的分解,第二个分解过程是RDX和NQ的分解,但是第二个分解过程不明显;随着NQ粒径从50μm增至110μm,发射药试样的热分解峰温从176.84℃提高至179.71℃;真空安定性试验中试样48h放气量从0.7558mL/g降至0.5964mL/g,甲基紫试纸变为橙色的时间从44min延长至54min,且加热5h后未发生爆炸;发射药试样的抗冲击强度从4.23kJ/m^2降至3.81kJ/m^2,抗压缩强度从56.93MPa降至53.85MPa。表明球形NQ粒径的增加有利于提高发射药的热安定性,但会降低其力学性能。
To improve the stability and mechanical properties of modified single-base gun propellant,three kinds of modified single-base gun propellants with different particle sizes(50,80 and 110μm)were prepared.Their thermal decomposition process and thermal stability were studied by differential scanning calorimetry,vacuum stability test and methyl violet test and their impact strength and compression strength were tested.The effects of particle size change of nitroguanidine(NQ)on the thermal behavior and mechanical properties of modified single-base gun propellants were analyzed.The results show that the three kinds of modified single-base gun propellant samples with spherical NQ have two thermal decomposition processes.The first decomposition process corresponds to the decomposition of mixed nitrocellulose,and the second decomposition process is the decomposition of RDX and NQ,but the second decomposition process is not obvious.With increasing the particle size of NQ from 50μm to 110μm,the peak temperature of thermal decomposition of gun propellant samples increases from 178.44℃to 179.71℃,the amount of gas evolved from the sample in vacuum stability test decreases from 0.7558mL/g to 0.5964mL/g within 48h,the time for methyl violet test paper to turn orange increases from 44min to 54min,and no explosion occurs after heating for 5h,the impact strength of the gun propellant sample decreases from 4.23kJ/m to 3.81kJ/m,and the compressive strength decreases from 56.93MPa to 53.85MPa.Indicting that the increase of the particle size of spherical NQ is beneficial to improving the thermal stability of gun propellant,but it will decrease the mechanical properties of gun propellant.
作者
韩进朝
杨慧群
王永强
HAN Jin-chao;YANG Hui-qun;WANG Yong-qiang(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;Fundamental Science on Underground Target Damage Technology Laboratory,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期180-184,I0005,共6页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
