摘要
梁民市马是明朝借助琉球联动影响高丽、日本,构建东北亚地缘政治秩序的首次尝试。其着眼点主要有三:其一,借市马巩固与中山的关系,并暗自削弱中山的军事实力,维持三山均势,进而以贸易之利吸引山南、山北入明朝贡;其二,反向利用琉丽间的情报传递渠道,与索要岁贡马匹、军事威胁等政策相互配合,拆解高丽与北元及纳哈出的关系,逼高丽彻底地倒向明朝;其三,联动影响日本国内的马匹流通,加剧日本政府的紧张感。并以大规模海军舰队出使,在往返途中就便剿捕倭寇。通过舰队长时间驻泊琉球,营造伺机"征日"假象,震慑日本,使之不敢介入明朝的国内战争。从本质上说,梁民市马是对北元战略的一环。
There were three reasons for Liang Min’s purchase of horses from Ryukyu instead of from the domestic market in the 16 th Year of Emperor Hongwu (1383). Firstly, the Ming Court sought to consolidate its relations with Chuzan through horse trade and at the same time, to weaken Chuzan’s military strength so as to balance the powers of the three kingdoms in Ryukyu, with the hope that the Kingdoms of Nanzan and Hokuzan will pay tribute to the Ming Court in the interests of trade. Secondly, the Ming Court made use of the information sources between Ryukyu and Goryeo, and adopted policies like inquiring annual tributes of horses and giving military threat, with an attempt to destroy Goryeo’s alliance with the Northern Yuan and Naghachu, and thus forcing Goryeo to submit. Thirdly, the policy affected horse trade in Japan, thus putting pressure on the Japanese government. Besides, large-scale fleets were sent, which served also to arrest Japanese pirates on the way back and forth. The fleets ’ long docking at Ryukyu made Japan cautious ’ keeping it from involving in Ming ’ s domestic war. In other word, Liang Min ’ s purchase horses from Ryukyu was the first attempt of the Ming Court to build a geopolitical order in Northeast Asia by developing the relations with Ryukyu and pinning down Goryeo and Japan. In essence, it is part of the strategy against the Northern Yuan.
作者
李健
刘晓东
Li Jian;Liu Xiaodong
出处
《海交史研究》
2019年第1期58-74,共17页
Journal of Maritime History Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"东亚史上的‘落差-稳定’结构与区域走向分析"(项目标号:15ZDB063)
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目"明清时期的周边认知与多民族统一国家的建构--以东南海疆
东北边疆的统合为中心"(编号:16JJD770008)阶段性成果
关键词
琉球
高丽
日本
马匹
Ryukyu
Goryeo
Japan
horses
