摘要
环状RNA (circRNA)是一种共价闭合的非编码RNA,可以调节真核生物中的基因表达.最近应用高通量RNA测序和生物信息学方法揭示人类细胞中存在大量circRNA.许多circRNA具有一定的组织和时序特异性,且与生理发育和各种肿瘤等疾病密切相关. circRNA被证明在细胞质中富集和稳定,表明其具有作为肿瘤生物标志物的潜力.胃癌(gastric carcinoma,GC)是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,在全球癌症相关死亡原因中排第3位.尽管该疾病在诊断和治疗方面取得了许多进展,但GC患者的预后仍然很差,大多数国家的5年总生存率低于30%.因此,寻找能调节GC发生发展和评估预后的新分子机制和治疗靶标至关重要.近年来circRNA在胃癌中的研究不断增多,其在胃癌的发生发展、诊断、治疗及预后过程中扮演重要角色.本文就circRNA产生机制及一般特征、生物学功能、在胃癌中的研究进展及研究中存在的问题作一综述.
Circular RNA (circRNA) is a type of covalently closed non-coding RNA that may regulate gene expression in eukaiyotes. The recent application of high-throughput RNA sequencing and bioinformatics approaches has revealed a large number of circRNAs in human cells. Emerging evidence indicates that many circRNAs have tissue and timing specificity and are linked to physiological development and various diseases. circRNAs have also been shown to be enriched and stable in extracellular fluid, indicating the potential of circRNAs as cancer biomarkers. Gastric cancer is one of the most common human cancers,and its the third most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide. Despite many advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease, the prognosis of patients with GC remains poor, with a 5-year overall survival of less than 30% in most countries. Therefore, the discovery of new molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets that may control the severity of GC and present a predictive value for prognosis is of great importance. CircRNA has been increasingly studied in gastric cancer in recent years and plays an important role in the development, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of gastric cancer. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about circRNAs, including their production mechanisms and general characteristics, biological functions, and their research progress in gastric cancer and problems in the research.
作者
王攀
徐高生
马蔚
叶东梅
李昱萱
罗苇如
肖懿洋
张志伟
WANG Pan;XU Gao-Sheng;MA Wei;YE Dong-Mei;LI Yu-Xuan;LUO Wei-Ru;XIAO Yi-Yang;ZHANG Zhi-Wei(Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan Province,Hengyang 421001,China;Yueyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Yueyang 421001,China;Clinical Medicine Excellent Vndergraduate of Medical College,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)
出处
《生物化学与生物物理进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期238-247,共10页
Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
基金
湖南省高校创新平台基金(12K094)
南华大学博士科研启动基金(2016XQD21)
南华大学大学生研究性学习和创新性实验计划项目(2016NH055XJXZ
2017 XJXZ030)
南华大学基础医学湖南省重点学科基金
岳阳市妇幼保健院横向合作项目(2018KHX43)资助~~
