摘要
本文梳理了中美光伏发电、风电及生物质能等新能源产业发展、政策支持的历程,并对新能源行业的贸易摩擦进行了简要分析。研究发现,中美新能源行业都处于产业生命周期的快速发展期,而在发展规模、速度和市场份额和生产成本方面,中国相比美国具有一定的优势;在岗位提供上,新能源行业给中国提供了更多的就业岗位;在发展效率上,美国比中国具有较高的效率;在进出口方面,中国出口到美国和从美国进口的规模都呈现出下降的趋势;在产业政策方面,中美两国共同的特征是,在产业发展的初期,使用财政政策和税收优惠等政策大力扶持,而后逐渐降低政策扶持力度和补贴幅度。
This paper summarizes the history of Sino-US new energy industry development and supporting policy, and briefly analyzes the trade friction of the new energy industry. It is found that both China and the US new energy industry are in a period of rapid development of the industrial life cycle. In comparison, China has certain advantages over the United States in terms of development scale, speed, market share and production cost. The new energy industry has provided more jobs to China;in terms of development efficiency, the United States has higher efficiency than China;in terms of imports and exports, China’s exports to the United States and imports from the United States have shown a downward trend. In terms of industrial policy, the common characteristics of China and the United States are: in the early stage of industrial development, using fiscal policy and tax incentives and other policies to support, and then gradually reduce policy support and subsidies.
出处
《中国能源》
2019年第3期25-28,39,共5页
Energy of China
基金
中国社会科学院登峰战略优势学科(产业经济学)成果
关键词
新能源行业
光伏发电
风电
生物质能
产业竞争力
New Energy Industry
Photovoltaic
Wind Power
Biomass Energy
Industrial Competitiveness
