摘要
发现真相是解决纷争的重要基础。诉讼活动的重要任务就是发现真相。发现真相的途径有千千万万,但是没有哪一种可以绝对避免错误。真理符合论的矛盾之处在于真相一为人们所表达就转化为了命题。然而,真理共识论是脱离了现实基础的形式正确的共识而可能并非真值。真理聚合论以设证推理为前提,聚焦于同一个实然者的不同主体的不同认识之间的取舍、结合具有一定的合理性。对证据和事实乃至法律进行了不同的意义诠释而导致了事实的开放。与"无证据则事实不存在"的观念相对的是还存在"无需证据的证明"。据以设证案件事实的材料和意见既受到程序法律的约束,还依赖于裁决者的理性和良知。在对抗式诉讼下控辩双方对事实认定也发挥了积极作用。
Truth-finding is an important basis for dispute resolution. The important task of litigation is to discover the truth. There are thousands of ways to discover the truth but no one can avoid errors. The paradox of correspondence theory of truth is that truth,once disclosed,is transformed into a proposition. Truth,however,is a consensus which is correct in form and may not be true. The convergence theory of truth is reasonable which presupposes abductive reasoning and focuses on the choice and combination of different understandings between different subjects in the same reality. Different interpretations of evidence,facts and even laws lead to the disclosure of facts. In contrast to the notion that facts do not exist without evidence,there is "proof without evidence". The materials and opinions as premise of inference to the truth of the case are not only restrained by the procedural law,but also depend on the reasonableness and conscience of the adjudicator. Both sides of the prosecution and defense under adversarial procedure has played a positive role in the fact-identifying in the trial.
作者
陆而启
LU Erqi(School of Law, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China)
出处
《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2019年第1期1-10,共10页
Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目"意见裁判主义研究"(18BFX086)
关键词
真理符合论
真理聚合论
证据
意见裁判主义
correspondence theory of truth
convergence theory of truth
evidence
opinion-judging doctrine
