摘要
[目的]为改善高含水量甜高粱的青贮发酵品质并能够利用周边闲置秸秆原料,研究甜高粱与不同种类秸秆混合青贮的发酵品质及饲草营养成分的保存效果。[方法]设置甜高粱凋萎含水量分别为75%、65%、55%和不凋萎直接青贮(CK)4个处理,结合发酵品质筛选甜高粱最优含水量处理。在此水分条件下,设甜高粱+大豆秸秆(S+SS)、甜高粱+水稻秸秆(S+RS)、甜高粱+小麦秸秆(S+WS)和甜高粱+玉米秸秆(S+CS) 4种混合青贮处理,分析不同混贮方式下青贮发酵品质的变化并计算青贮饲料中甜高粱的营养成分回收率。[结果]与不凋萎直接青贮相比,凋萎处理降低了青贮饲料的pH值和氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/TN)值,而有机酸含量有一定增加。甜高粱含水量为65%时,青贮饲料发酵品质最好。甜高粱凋萎青贮与混合青贮各处理间pH值和NH3-N/TN值差异不显著(P> 0. 05),S+CS混合青贮的乳酸含量显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05)。混合青贮处理的粗蛋白回收率(CPR)均高于CK组。除S+RS混合青贮处理外,其他混合青贮处理的CPR也高于凋萎青贮处理。混合青贮还能够提高干物质回收率与原料中糖酸转化能力。[结论]甜高粱直接青贮,最适含水量为65%。与不同秸秆混合青贮改善了发酵品质,有助于提高粗蛋白及干物质的回收率。秸秆种类选择上,与玉米秸秆混合青贮发酵品质与营养成分保存效果最佳。
[Objectives] In order to improve the fermentation quality of high moisture sweet sorghum and make full use of surrounding idle straw materials,the nutrient preservation of forage was studied by ensiling mixture of sweet sorghum and different kinds of straws.[Methods] The optimum water content of sweet sorghum(S)was selected according to the effects of different water contents(75%,65%,55% and CK)on fermentation quality.Under the optimum water content,corn stalk(CS),wheat straw(WS),rice straw(RS)and soybean straw(SS)were mixed with sweet sorghum respectively(abbreviated as S+SS,S+RS,S+WS,S+CS).Analysis was conducted on the changes of fermentation quality under different mixed ensiling methods and calculation was conducted on the nutrient recovery of sweet sorghum in silage.[Results] The results indicated that the wilting treatment reduced the pH value and the rate of ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen(NH3-N/TN),and increased organic acid content compared with the CK.The fermentation quality of silage was the best with 65% moisture content of sweet sorghum.There was no significant difference in the pH and NH3-N/TN between wiliting silage and mixed silage(P>0.05),and the lactic acid content of the mixed silage S+CS was higher than that of the other treatments(P<0.05).Crude protein recoveries(CPR)of mixed silage were higher than those of CK and the CPR in other mixed silage except for S+RS were also higher than those of wilting silage.In addition,mixing straws improved the dry matter recovery and the ability of carbohydrates to transform into acid was improved by mixed ensiling.[Conclusions] The optimum moisture content of sweet sorghum to produce silage was 65%.The fermentation quality and crude protein or dry matter recovery were enhanced by ensiling mixtures of different straws and sweet sorghum.Corn stalk was the best material mixing with sweet sorghum achieving the best fermentaion quality and the highest nutrients preservation.
作者
冯涛
唐海洋
杨文祥
同琳静
石丽娜
牛欣祎
沈益新
FENG Tao;TANG Haiyang;YANG Wenxiang;TONG Linjing;SHI Lina;NIU Xinyi;SHEN Yixin(College of Agro-Grassland Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Xinghua City Animal Health Supervision Institute of Jiangsu Province,Xinghua 225700,China)
出处
《南京农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期352-357,共6页
Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University
基金
江苏省农业三新工程项目(SXGC[2016]255
SXGC[2016]264)
关键词
甜高粱
秸秆
混合青贮
发酵品质
养分回收率
sweet sorghum
crop straw
mixed ensiling
fermentation quality
nutrient recovery
