摘要
系统梳理1949—1978年中国农机作业服务体系的形成和演变历程,以及在农村改革初期的延续和转型后,可以得出如下认识:一是建立自上而下的以拖拉机站为主的农机作业服务体系,既是借鉴苏联经验,也是基于理性机制设计的结果;二是将国营拖拉机站调整为社营、队营、国营等多种形式,是为了降低拖拉机经营成本和实现拖拉机站经营利润;三是农机作业服务体系的存在,使"购买"作业服务成为当时农业生产经营主要的农机使用形式,为他们提供了有限的要素配置机会。1949—1978年农机作业服务体系,对农村改革过程中农业机械化道路的转型轨迹和农机作业服务业的发展产生了重要影响。
After a systematic review of the formation and evolution of agricultural service system during 1949-1978 in China, the following conclusions are drawn. First, the establishment of top-down tractor station service system, both from the Soviet experience, but also based on the rational mechanism design. Second, the logical motivation of adjusting service system is to reduce of tractor operating cost and realize the tractor station operating profit. Third, it had formed a elements market of agricultural machinery service,and farmers could make limited elemental allocations. These showed that the market-oriented agricultural machinery service industry had existed at that time. It had an important impact on the transformation of China's agricultural mechanization after 1978,and formed the road of service scale management of agriculture in China. Today, the agricultural machinery service industry still retains the heritage of that period, which is of great significance to the improvement of agricultural modernization strategy.
作者
芦千文
吕之望
Lu Qianwen;Lu Zhiwang
出处
《中国经济史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期124-135,共12页
Researches in Chinese Economic History
基金
国家自然科学基金地区科学项目"分工
交易与农业生产性服务业:驱动力
绩效与机制设计"(批准号:71863019)阶段性成果之一
关键词
农机作业服务
发展历史
农业生产性服务业
Agricultural Machinery Operations Services
Formation and Evolution
Agricultural Producer Services
