摘要
在施用等量烟草专用肥(m(N)∶m(P_2O_5)∶m(K_2O)=10∶10∶20)750 kg·hm^(-2)的基础上,设置CK(不施有机物料)、T1(增施生物炭1 500 kg·hm^(-2))、T2(增施有机菌肥1 500 kg·hm^(-2))、T3(增施60%有机菌肥+40%生物炭)、T4(增施50%有机菌肥+50%生物炭)、T5(增施40%有机菌肥+60%生物炭)6个处理,研究了生物炭配施有机菌肥对烤烟生长与品质的影响。结果表明,T3处理改善了整个生育期烟株的农艺性状;T2处理在30 d时显著提高了硝酸还原酶活性(10.85 mg·g^(-1)·h^(-1)),60 d(9.40 mg·g^(-1)·min^(-1))和90 d(3.36 mg·g^(-1)·min^(-1))和转化酶活性;T3处理在30 d时显著提高了谷氨酰胺合成酶活性(22.38 mg·g^(-1)·min^(-1))。T1处理提高了上部叶的总糖(215.4 g·kg^(-1))以及还原糖含量(200.3 g·kg^(-1));T3处理提高了中下部叶总糖(172.6,155.5 g·kg^(-1))、还原糖含量(149.0,131.0 g·kg^(-1))和钾含量(10.0,12.4 g·kg^(-1))。与对照相比,T2和T3处理烤后烟致香物质总量最高,分别达到874.80和818.26μg·g^(-1),并提高了烟叶的产值和产量及中上等烟的比例。综上所述,施用有机菌肥(T2)及60%有机菌肥配施40%生物炭(T3)有利于提高烤烟生长、品质及经济效益。
A field experiment was carried out to explore the effect of compound-organic-bio-bacteria-fertilizer (COBBF) or/and biochar on flue-cured tobacco growth and quality in central Henan Province. Six treatments were set as:(1) no organic fertilizer (CK,Farmers’ fertilization practice),(2) additionally apply biochar 1 500 kg·hm^-2 (T1),(3) additionally apply COBBF 1 500 kg·hm^-2 (T2),(4) additionally apply 60% COBBF combined with 40% biochar (T3),(5) additionally apply 50% COBBF combined with 50% biochar (T4),(6) additionally apply 40% COBBF combined with 60% biochar (T5). The results showed that the agronomic traits of tobacco were significantly improved under T3 treatment. The nitrate reductase activity after tobacco transplanted 30 d (10.85 mg·g^-1 ·h^-1 ),and the invertase activity after tobacco transplanted 60 d (9.40 mg·g^-1 ·min^-1 ) and 90 d (3.36 mg·g^-1 ·min^-1 ) were significantly promoted under T2 treatment. The glutamine synthetase activity was improved under T3 treatment after tobacco transplanted 30 d (22.38 mg·g^-1 ·min^-1 ). The total sugar and reduced sugar of upper leaves were enhanced to 215.4 g·kg^-1 and 200.3 g·kg^-1 under T1 treatment,respectively. The total sugar (172.6,155.5 g·kg^-1 ),reduced sugar (149.0,131.0 g·kg^-1 ) and K content (10.0,12.4 g·kg^-1 ) of flue-cured tobacco in C3F and B2F were increased under T3 treatment. Compared with CK,T2 and T3 treatment can improve the highest total amount of aroma components to 874.80 μg·g^-1 and 818.26 μg·g^-1 respectively,which also improved the tobacco yield and output value and the proportion of mid-high grade tobacco. In conclusion,the COBBF only and 60% COBBF+40% biochar application can significantly improve the quality and economic characteristics of flued-cured tobacco in central Henan Province tobacco-planting area.
作者
李影
李斌
刘芳
姜桂英
刘世亮
龙潜
董士刚
李小磊
LI Ying;LI Bin;LIU Fang;JIANG Guiying;LIU Shiliang;LONG Qian;DONG Shigang;LI Xiaolei(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Chinese Medicine Production Technology Service Center,Department of Agriculture andCountryside of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450008,China)
出处
《河南农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期34-41,48,共9页
Journal of Henan Agricultural University
基金
河南省烟草公司重大面上项目(LYKJ201504
HYKJ201215)
关键词
生物炭
有机菌肥
碳氮代谢
烤烟品质
经济效益
biochar
compound-organic-bio-bacteria-fertilizer(COBBF)
carbon and nitrogen metabolism
tobacco quality
economic characteristics
