摘要
在构建中国生前预嘱制度的相关讨论中,较大的争议点是进入医疗处置中的患者所立生前预嘱是否有效。不同国家和地区所适用生前预嘱的生效决定模式存在差异,主要分为:患者自主决定模式、医师判断模式及家属决定生效模式。在借鉴国际经验的基础上,结合中国国情,对生前预嘱的生效决定模式进行比较分析,认为适合中国国情的生前预嘱生效决定的立法,应当优先从家属中委任代理人,以前置协商程序巩固生前预嘱的效力,并通过合法保管、定期审查确认其合理性和合法性。在立法步骤上,可尝试以非立法形式先行推动,待条件成熟后再纳入立法。
In the discussion on the establishment of the system of living will in China,the major controversy is whether the living will made by patients in medical treatment is valid.Different countries and regions have different decision-making modes for the validity of living will,which are mainly divided into patient-independent decisi on-making mode,physician based decision-making mode and family-based decision-making mode.On the basis of drawing lessons from international experience and combining with national conditions,this paper made a comparative analysis of the decision-making modes of the validity of living will.It is believed that the legislation of the decision-making of living will,which suits China’s national conditions,should give priority to appointing agents from family members,consolidate the validity of living will through pre-consultation procedure,and confirming their rationality and legitimacy through legal custody and periodic review.In terms of legislative steps,it is suggested that non-legislative forms can be promoted first,and then incorporated it into legislation when conditions are ripe.
作者
冯倩
冯磊
FENG Qian;FENG Lei(School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)
出处
《中国医学伦理学》
2019年第3期354-358,共5页
Chinese Medical Ethics
