摘要
亚洲沙尘暴携带着各类污染物质,严重影响下风向地区大气过程及生态系统和相关人群的健康。然而,沙尘天气对中国华北地区空气细菌群落及多样性特征影响的研究较少。以北京市为例,系统研究了沙尘暴对城市空气细菌多样性特征的影响。2015年4月,通过定点采样连续收集了一次沙尘暴及其前后4天的空气颗粒物样本,DNA提取、PCR扩增后进行16S rRNA基因高通量测序。共获得169122条高质量序列,生物信息学分析表明,北京市空气细菌物种多样性较高,沙尘暴不能引起细菌OTU数目的增加,但沙尘暴天气下细菌群落Pielou、Shannon和Simpson指数显著增加。菌群分类分析发现,北京市空气细菌由35个细菌门构成,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)相对丰度最高,分别占总序列的32.76%、28.09%、25.46%和6.32%;芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)次之,分别占序列总数的2.11%和1.81%,其他细菌门的相对丰度均低于1%。沙尘暴天气下,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)和酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)显著升高(P<0.05),分别由31.67%、5.74%、1.82%、1.51%升高至41.46%、10.98%、4.48%和4.26%;而放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)显著降低(P <0.05),分别由28.84%、27.10%降低至22.13%和12.35%。冷杆菌属(Psychrobacter),纤维单胞菌属(Cellulomonas),不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter),假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和梭菌属(Clostridium)可能含有人类条件病原菌,其在沙尘暴天气中相对丰度下降,但绝对丰度会大幅增加。沙尘暴能降低人体免疫力,因此致病菌潜在健康风险可能显著增强。通过聚类分析和主成分分析发现,沙尘暴日与非沙尘暴日空气细菌群落差异较大,而沙尘暴前后群落结构差异较小。沙尘暴前后空气细菌群落α-多样性和β多�
Asian dust events usually transport various pollutants that considerably impact atmospheric processes,biologicalecosystems,and human health in downwind areas. To date,the composition and biodiversity dynamics of airborne bacteria have rarely been investigated in urban regions during Asian sandstorms,especially in northern China. Taking Beijing as an example,this study systematically evaluated the effects of sandstorms on the diversity characteristics of airborne bacteria.Air samples were collected from the roof of buildings for nine consecutive days(April 11- 19,2015), covering a sandstorm day(April 15,2015),as well as four days prior to and after it. After extracting DNA and performing PCR amplifying and 16 S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing,a total of 169,122 high-quality sequences were obtained.Bioinformatics analysis on these mass data showed a high richness of airborne bacteria in this city. Sandstorms could not result in increased OTU numbers, but could result in increased Pielou, Shannon, and Simpson indexes. Bacterial communities in the Beijing atmosphere consisted of 35 phyla. Among them,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla,which accounted for 32.76%,28.09%,25.46% and 6.32% of the total sequences,respectively;Gemmatimonadetes(2.11%) and Acidobacteria(1. 81%) followed;whereas the relative abundance of the other 29 phyla were < 1%. During the sandstorm, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes,Gemmatimonadetes,and Acidobacteria significantly increased from 31.67%,5.74%,1.82%,1.51% to 41.46%,10.98%,4.48%,and 4.26%,respectively;whereas Actinobacteria and Firmicutes remarkably decreased from 28.84%,27.10% to22.13% and 12.35%,respectively. The genera Psychrobacter,Cellulomonas,Acinetobacter,Pseudomonas,and Clostridium may be opportunistic pathogenic bacteria that potentially threaten human health. During the sandstorm, the relative abundance of these genera decreased,but their absolute abundance increased considerably. Sandstorms potentially weak
作者
甄泉
王雅晴
冼超凡
郭卫俊
欧阳志云
ZHEN Quan;WANG Yaqing;XIAN Chaofan;GUO Weijun;OUYANG Zhiyun(State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco?Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing100085,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Public Health,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu 233030,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期717-725,共9页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(71533005)
浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY17D050006)
关键词
沙尘暴
高通量测序
空气细菌
群落多样性
sandstorm
high-throughput sequencing
airborne bacteria
community diversity
