摘要
[目的]研究施用化肥和农家肥对白花麦品质的影响。[方法]通过对未施肥料、单施化肥和单施农家肥3个不同处理白花麦的蛋白质品质和淀粉品质分别进行综合评价分析和对应分析,着重分析单施农家肥小麦具有的优良品质指标。[结果]蛋白质品质分析结果表明,与未施肥料相比,施用农家肥和施用化肥都能够增强小麦面粉筋力(其形成时间和稳定时间以及粉质指数升高,而弱化度降低),从而提高小麦的加工品质。RSR综合评价分析表明,施用化肥的白花麦小麦的蛋白综合品质优于未施肥料优于施用农家肥的;进一步的对应分析表明,施用化肥的小麦具有较高的稳定时间和吸水率等,未施肥料的具有较高的沉降值和弱化度等分别是其蛋白综合品质好的主要原因。淀粉品质分析结果表明,施用农家肥使得小麦在淀粉糊化特性方面表现出明显优势,其中峰值黏度、最终黏度、回升值、峰值温度和稀懈值均高于未施肥处理的,从而提高了小麦的淀粉品质;相反地,施用化肥的则低于未施肥处理的。RSR综合评价分析表明,施用农家肥白花麦小麦的淀粉综合品质优于施用化肥和未施肥料的;进一步的对应分析表明,施用农家肥小麦淀粉综合品质好的主要原因是其具有较高的峰值黏度和较好的回升值等引起的。[结论]施用农家肥能够提高小麦加工品质的面粉筋力部分指标和淀粉品质的糊化特性部分指标,特别是提高了淀粉综合品质,从而改善小麦品质。该研究为小麦减肥增效中农家肥的科学施用提供理论依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of applying chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure on the quality of Baihuamai.[Method]We carried out comprehensive evaluation analysis and correspondence analysis to protein quality and starch quality of Baihuamai which with three different treatments of no fertilizer,chemical fertilizer alone and farmyard manure alone,respectively.And the excellent quality traits of wheat with farmyard manure alone were analyzed emphatically.[Result]Protein quality analysis demonstrated:Application of chemical fertilizer and farmyard manure both could increase gluten strength of wheat flour (its development time and stability time as well as farinogram quality number increased,but degree of softening decreased),therefore improve processing quality in wheat.The comprehensive evaluation of RSR showed that the comprehensive quality of protein of Baihuamai wheat applied to chemical fertilizer was better than that of no fertilizer application,which was better than the application of farmyard manure;Further correspondence analysis demonstrated Baihuamai with chemical fertilizer possess higher stability time and water absorption et al and no fertilizer possess higher zeleny and degree of softening et al which contributed the better protein comprehensive quality of wheat,respectively.Starch quality analysis demonstrated:Baihuamai with farmyard manure treatment showed significant advantage in starch gelatinization properties,among which peak viscosity,final viscosity,setback,peak temperature and breakdown all were higher than those with no fertilization,therefore improve the starch quality of wheat.The comprehensive evaluation analysis of RSR showed that the comprehensive quality of protein of Baihuamai wheat applied to farmyard manure was better than that of chemical fertilizer and no fertilizer application.Further correspondence analysis demonstrated Baihuamai with farmyard manure possess higher peak viscosity and better setback et al which contributed the better starch comprehensive
作者
王文新
任明见
钱小康
王忠妮
王怀玉
徐如宏
李鲁华
WANG Wen-xin;REN Ming-jian;QIAN Xiao-kang(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025;Guizhou Sub-center of National Wheat Improvement Center,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2019年第4期158-161,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31660390)
贵州省农业成果转化计划项目(黔科合成果(2016)4022号)
国家"七大农作物育种"重点专项(2017YFD0100900)
贵州大学人才引进项目(贵大人基合字(2017)49号)
关键词
化肥
农家肥
小麦品质
减肥增效
RSR综合评价
Chemical fertilizer
Farmyard manure
Wheat quality
Weight loss and efficiency
RSR comprehensive evaluation
