摘要
【目的】明确稀土尾矿库渗漏水污染对花背蟾蜍(Strauchbufo raddei)胚后发育的毒性作用,为稀土尾矿区两栖类动物的保护提供科学依据。【方法】以内蒙古某尾矿库南侧由渗漏水形成的受污染水域湿地(简称尾矿库湿地)为研究样地、相对未受污染的黄河自然保护区小白河湿地(简称小白河湿地)为对照样地,通过观测分析花背蟾蜍的野外生态学指标、生理生化指标和遗传毒性指标,探究稀土尾矿库渗漏水对花背蟾蜍胚后发育的毒性效应。【结果】尾矿库湿地花背蟾蜍的总数、种群密度、性别比例和抱对率均明显少于小白河湿地花背蟾蜍,但产卵量极显著高于小白河湿地(P<0.01,下同);尾矿库湿地的蝌蚪发育相对滞后于小白河湿地蝌蚪,但其体格整体上大于小白河湿地蝌蚪。尾矿库湿地蝌蚪肝胰脏中的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)呈先下降再上升的变化趋势,于III期达最小值;而丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化趋势恰好相反,于III期达最大值。尾矿库湿地各发育期蝌蚪血细胞DNA损伤程度均极显著高于小白河湿地蝌蚪,且血红细胞核异常率明显高于小白河湿地蝌蚪。【结论】尾矿库渗漏水污染通过影响花背蟾蜍的抱对率来降低蝌蚪种群密度,而对其胚后发育的主要影响机理是导致蝌蚪的组织氧化损伤和血细胞DNA损伤。
【Objective】The toxic effects of leakage water from rare earth tailings reservoir on the postembryonic development of Strauchbufo raddei were studied in order to provide scientific basis and data support for the amphibians protecting in the tailings wetland.【Method】The polluted wetland formed by seepage water from the south of a tailings reservoir in Inner Mongolia was taken as the study site(tailings wetland for short),the relatively non-polluted Xiaobaihe wetland in Yellow River natural reserve as the control site(Xiaobaihe wetland for short),and S.raddei as the experimental animal.By measuring the ecological index,physiological and biochemical index and genetic toxicity index of S.raddei,the toxic effects of rare earth tailings leakage water on the postembryonic development of S.raddei were comparatively analyzed.【Result】The total number,population density,sex ratio and mating rate of S.raddei in tailings wetland were greatly lower than those in Xiaobaihe wetland,but the spawning amount was extremely higher than that in Xiaobaihe wetland(P<0.01,the same below).The development of tadpoles in tailings wetland was relatively lagging behind compared with those in Xiaobaihe wetland,but their body sizes were larger than those in Xiaobaihe wetland.The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in the liver and pancreas of tailings wetland tadpoles decreased first and then increased,reaching the minimum value in stage III.On the contrary,malondialdehyde(MDA)contents showed the opposite trend and reached the maximum value in stage III.The DNA damage of blood cells of tadpoles in each development stage of tailings wetland was extremely higher than those in Xiaobaihe wetland,and the rate of red blood cell nucleus abnormality was higher than those in Xiaobaihe wetland.【Conclusion】Water leakage pollution from tailings pond can reduce the tadpole population density by affecting the mating rate,and the main influencing mechanism of pollution on the S.raddei postembryonic development is to cause oxidative damage of tissu
作者
黄涛
求瑞娟
兰宗宝
任逸晨
杨畅
钱永靖
王春丹
贺小英
司万童
HUANG Tao;QIU Rui-juan;LAN Zong-bao;REN Yi-chen;YANG Chang;QIAN Yong-jing;WANG Chun-dan;HE Xiao-ying;SI Wan-tong(School of Life Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia University of Science&Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China;Agricultural Science and Technology Information Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;Baotou Entry-exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Comprehensive Technical Service Center,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014010,China;College of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China)
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第2期412-417,共6页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31460142)
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2018MS03067)
关键词
花背蟾蜍
尾矿库渗漏水污染
胚后发育
种群密度
DNA损伤
微核率
Strauchbufo raddei
water leakage pollution of tailings pond
postembryonic development
population density
DNA damage
micronucleus rate
