摘要
采用盆栽法,通过非遮光(全光照)和遮光(光照强度约为全光照的20%)以及控制土壤含水量(高、中、低含水量分别为田间最大持水量的75%～80%、55%～60%和45%～50%),研究了不同光照条件和土壤含水量对节节麦(Aegilops tauschii Coss.)幼苗表型可塑性的影响;并采用生物测定法,比较了各处理组节节麦处理液的化感作用差异。结果表明:光照及土壤含水量的降低均可导致节节麦幼苗单株总干质量的降低,且遮光处理组幼苗根、茎和叶的干质量比以及根冠比、叶面积比、叶根比和比叶面积总体上高于非遮光处理组。其中,遮光-低含水量处理组幼苗单株总干质量最低,叶干质量比、叶面积比和叶根比最大;遮光-高含水量处理组幼苗根干质量比最大;遮光-中含水量处理组幼苗茎干质量比和比叶面积最大。各处理组间幼苗单株总干质量和各器官干质量比以及各形态指标的表型可塑性指数差异明显,以叶根比的表型可塑性指数最大(0.96),茎干质量比的表型可塑性指数最小(0.42)。生物测定结果表明:随各处理组节节麦处理液浓度(0、10、25和50 mg·mL^(-1))的升高,小白菜(Brassica rapa Linn.)种子发芽率呈逐渐下降的趋势,且在相同光照条件下,随土壤含水量降低种子发芽率升高;总体上,非遮光处理组的种子发芽率均低于遮光处理组。从化感效应指数(RI)看,总体上除了非遮光-高含水量和非遮光-中含水量处理组小白菜幼苗苗高的RI值为正值外,各处理组小白菜幼苗苗高、主根长和单株鲜质量的RI值均为负值。从综合化感效应(SE)看,各处理组的SE值均为负值,且在节节麦处理液浓度相同条件下,相同光照处理组的SE值整体上随土壤含水量的降低而逐渐减小,相同土壤含水量处理组的SE值整体上也随光照的降低而逐渐减小;总体上,遮光处理组的SE值的绝对值大于非遮光处理组。综合分析结果表明:光照
Effects of different light conditions and soil water contents on phenotypic plasticity of Aegilops tauschii Coss.seedlings were studied by no shading(full light)and shading(light intensity of 20%of full light),and controlling soil water content(high,moderate and low water contents of 75%-80%,55%-60% and 45%-50% of the maximum water holding capacity in field,respectively)with pot-culture method;difference in allelopathic effect of treatment solution from A.tauschii in each treatment group was compared by using bioassay method.The results show that decreases of light and soil water content both can cause decrease of total dry mass per plant of A.tauschii seedlings,and dry mass ratios of root,stem and leaf,and root/shoot ratio,leaf area ratio,leaf/root ratio and specific leaf area of seedlings in shading treatment groups are generally higher than those in no shading treatment groups.In which,total dry mass per plant of seedlings in shading-low water content treatment group is the lowest,and leaf dry mass ratio,leaf area ratio and leaf/root ratio are the largest;root dry mass ratio of seedlings in shading-high water content treatment group is the largest;stem dry mass ratio and specific leaf area of seedlings in shading-moderate water content treatment group are both the largest.There are obvious differences in phenotypic plasticity indexes of total dry mass per plant,dry mass ratio of each organ and each morphology index of seedlings among each treatment group,and phenotypic plasticity index of leaf/root ratio is the largest(0.96),while that of dry mass ratio of stem is the smallest(0.42).The bioassay result shows that with the increase of concentration(0,10,25,and 50 mg·mL^-1)of treatment solution from A.tauschii in each treatment group,seed germination rate of Brassica rapa Linn.decreases gradually,and seed germination rate increases with the decrease of soil water content under the same light condition;in general,seed germination rates in no shading treatment groups are all lower than those in shading treatment
作者
王宁
袁美丽
陈浩
李真真
WANG Ning;YUAN Meili;CHEN Hao;LI Zhenzhen(Forestry College,He'nan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;The Sui&Tang Dynasties Relics Botanic Garden of Luoyang,Luoyang 471002,China)
出处
《植物资源与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期34-42,共9页
Journal of Plant Resources and Environment
基金
河南省自然科学基金资助项目(182300410092)
国家教育部地方高校国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510464079)
关键词
节节麦
遮光
土壤含水量
生物量分配
表型可塑性
化感作用
Aegilops tauschii Coss.
shading
soil water content
biomass allocation
phenotypic plasticity
allelopathic effect
